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<p>Additive manufacturing (AM) of bioceramic materials represents a transformative shift in fabrication technologies, offering alternatives to traditional methods employed for decades. Among all the AM techniques, Direct Ink Writing (DIW) has emerged as a particularly promising technique for producing bioceramic constructs with ease of design, tailored geometries, and controlled porosity. DIW is used in bone tissue engineering scaffolds, dental implants, medication delivery systems, and implantable devices, demonstrating its flexibility. Recent advances in material science and ink composition enhance the biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and specialized functions of the fabricated parts. DIW’s integration with 3D bio-printing and nanotechnology shows its promise for multifunctional biomedical applications. This paper covers a comprehensive overview of the fabrication of bioceramics through DIW, breakthroughs in biocompatible ceramic ink synthesis, process optimization, compositional control, and biological performance. This review also examines the wide range of bioceramic materials, such as alumina, zirconia, bioglass, hydroxyapatite, and some other composites, through DIW and their current state-of-the-art. Moreover, the potential advances and challenges of DIW were discussed, giving significant insights for academicians and practitioners in this dynamic sector.</p>

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Direct ink writing of bioceramic prosthetics and scaffolds: advances, challenges, and biomedical applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月8日

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  • D. L. Belgin Paul,
  • Praveen Ayyappan Susila

摘要

Additive manufacturing (AM) of bioceramic materials represents a transformative shift in fabrication technologies, offering alternatives to traditional methods employed for decades. Among all the AM techniques, Direct Ink Writing (DIW) has emerged as a particularly promising technique for producing bioceramic constructs with ease of design, tailored geometries, and controlled porosity. DIW is used in bone tissue engineering scaffolds, dental implants, medication delivery systems, and implantable devices, demonstrating its flexibility. Recent advances in material science and ink composition enhance the biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and specialized functions of the fabricated parts. DIW’s integration with 3D bio-printing and nanotechnology shows its promise for multifunctional biomedical applications. This paper covers a comprehensive overview of the fabrication of bioceramics through DIW, breakthroughs in biocompatible ceramic ink synthesis, process optimization, compositional control, and biological performance. This review also examines the wide range of bioceramic materials, such as alumina, zirconia, bioglass, hydroxyapatite, and some other composites, through DIW and their current state-of-the-art. Moreover, the potential advances and challenges of DIW were discussed, giving significant insights for academicians and practitioners in this dynamic sector.