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<p>Microalloying with niobium (Nb) can effectively improve the strength–toughness balance of low-alloy steels. This study investigated the effects of quenching at 840, 880, 920, and 960 °C on the microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and impact-abrasive wear behavior of Nb-bearing Cr–Mo steel. The microstructure and phase constitution were characterized by SEM, EDS, EBSD, and XRD. Hardness, impact toughness, tensile properties, and impact-abrasive wear resistance were also evaluated. The results show that the experimental steel quenched at different temperatures mainly consisted of a tempered lath martensitic matrix and (Nb,Mo)C carbides distributed along grain boundaries. With increasing quenching temperature, the dissolution, retention, and coarsening behaviors of (Nb,Mo)C carbides changed, thereby affecting the martensitic substructure size and subsequent properties. The Rockwell hardness values of all samples remained at a comparable level. The sample quenched at 880 °C exhibited superior overall properties, with a tensile strength of 1767.7 MPa, a yield strength of 686.4 MPa, and an absorbed impact energy of 20.2 J. The sample quenched at 880 °C also showed the best wear resistance, with the lowest wear mass loss of 0.039 g, the highest wear resistance of 25.64 g<sup>-1</sup>, and a relatively low surface roughness of Rz 1.436 μm. This study indicates that quenching at 880 °C followed by tempering at 200 °C enables Nb-bearing Cr-Mo steel to achieve a favorable combination of strength, toughness, and impact-abrasive wear resistance.</p>

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Influence of Quenching Temperatures on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Wear Resistance of a Nb-Bearing Cr-Mo Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月30日

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  • Tianchao Fan,
  • Hanwei Fu,
  • Di Wu,
  • Yulong Liu,
  • Fei Zhang,
  • Zulai Li,
  • He Wei,
  • Wen Zhang

摘要

Microalloying with niobium (Nb) can effectively improve the strength–toughness balance of low-alloy steels. This study investigated the effects of quenching at 840, 880, 920, and 960 °C on the microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and impact-abrasive wear behavior of Nb-bearing Cr–Mo steel. The microstructure and phase constitution were characterized by SEM, EDS, EBSD, and XRD. Hardness, impact toughness, tensile properties, and impact-abrasive wear resistance were also evaluated. The results show that the experimental steel quenched at different temperatures mainly consisted of a tempered lath martensitic matrix and (Nb,Mo)C carbides distributed along grain boundaries. With increasing quenching temperature, the dissolution, retention, and coarsening behaviors of (Nb,Mo)C carbides changed, thereby affecting the martensitic substructure size and subsequent properties. The Rockwell hardness values of all samples remained at a comparable level. The sample quenched at 880 °C exhibited superior overall properties, with a tensile strength of 1767.7 MPa, a yield strength of 686.4 MPa, and an absorbed impact energy of 20.2 J. The sample quenched at 880 °C also showed the best wear resistance, with the lowest wear mass loss of 0.039 g, the highest wear resistance of 25.64 g-1, and a relatively low surface roughness of Rz 1.436 μm. This study indicates that quenching at 880 °C followed by tempering at 200 °C enables Nb-bearing Cr-Mo steel to achieve a favorable combination of strength, toughness, and impact-abrasive wear resistance.