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<p>A Vertical Linear Electromagnetic Stirring in Ingot Riser (Riser-V-LEMS) was proposed for driving the flow and mixing of molten steel in ingot riser to improve the solidifying feeding ability during the final solidification period of square ingot casting process. By applying a Vertical Linear Electromagnetic Stirring (V-LEMS) at the top of ingots, a casting experiment of Incoloy 800H ingot was carried out to physically simulate the effectiveness of the proposed Riser-V-LEMS method. The experimental results show that V-LEMS at the top of the ingot can effectively promote the melt flow and mixing of molten steel in ingot, transform the morphology of liquid core from a deep V-shape profile to a shallower profile, and effectively improve the central quality of ingot. A three-dimensional numerical simulation model coupled with electromagnetic field, melt flow, and solidification was established to study the molten steel flow and solidification behavior of 210&#xa0;mm × 210&#xa0;mm × 0.39&#xa0;m square ingot with the Riser-V-LEMS. Numerical simulations show that the maximum electromagnetic force in the ingot riser reaches 7.4 × 10<sup>3</sup> <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N\cdot m^{-3}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>·</mo> <msup> <mi>m</mi> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>&#xa0;, which can effectively drive melt flow in riser and the central zone of ingot and promote temperature homogenization at the solidification front. The liquid–solid interface becomes flatter with its tangent intersection angle increasing from 82° to 109°. At the height of 0.13&#xa0;m below the ingot top, the liquid core width increases from 0.061 to 0.12&#xa0;m, while the central depth of liquid core is reduced from 0.079 to 0.038&#xa0;m. These findings prove that the proposed Riser-V-LEMS in ingot riser provides a new method and guidance for the control of melt flow, solidification behavior, and ingot quality in industrial-scale ingot casting process.</p>

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Melt Flow and Solidification Behavior of Square Ingot Casting Process with Unilateral Vertical Linear Electromagnetic Stirring in Ingot Riser

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月9日

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  • Zhongxin Zhai,
  • Engang Wang,
  • Yves Fautrelle

摘要

A Vertical Linear Electromagnetic Stirring in Ingot Riser (Riser-V-LEMS) was proposed for driving the flow and mixing of molten steel in ingot riser to improve the solidifying feeding ability during the final solidification period of square ingot casting process. By applying a Vertical Linear Electromagnetic Stirring (V-LEMS) at the top of ingots, a casting experiment of Incoloy 800H ingot was carried out to physically simulate the effectiveness of the proposed Riser-V-LEMS method. The experimental results show that V-LEMS at the top of the ingot can effectively promote the melt flow and mixing of molten steel in ingot, transform the morphology of liquid core from a deep V-shape profile to a shallower profile, and effectively improve the central quality of ingot. A three-dimensional numerical simulation model coupled with electromagnetic field, melt flow, and solidification was established to study the molten steel flow and solidification behavior of 210 mm × 210 mm × 0.39 m square ingot with the Riser-V-LEMS. Numerical simulations show that the maximum electromagnetic force in the ingot riser reaches 7.4 × 103 \(N\cdot m^{-3}\) N · m - 3  , which can effectively drive melt flow in riser and the central zone of ingot and promote temperature homogenization at the solidification front. The liquid–solid interface becomes flatter with its tangent intersection angle increasing from 82° to 109°. At the height of 0.13 m below the ingot top, the liquid core width increases from 0.061 to 0.12 m, while the central depth of liquid core is reduced from 0.079 to 0.038 m. These findings prove that the proposed Riser-V-LEMS in ingot riser provides a new method and guidance for the control of melt flow, solidification behavior, and ingot quality in industrial-scale ingot casting process.