Performance Evaluation of Lattice-Structured 3D Printed Sand Molds for Enhanced Heat Transfer and Casting Quality
摘要
As 3D printing sand mold/core is widespread in casting application, few disadvantages are revealed, such as high cost, low yieldability, low heat conductivity, etc.. This work investigates the performance and influence of an S-shaped lattice-structured sand mold fabricated via 3D printing technology. Using a commercial simulation software, ProCast and experimental casting of EN-GJL-100 poured at 1350 °C, “thermal resistance” and “heat conductivity” were analyzed. The dimension, shrinkage, microstructure and mechanical property of the casting were evaluated to assess the impact of lattice-structured design. Results demonstrate that a hollow lattice-structured 3D printed sand mold with a 20 mm shell thickness is suitable for both room temperature and high-temperature casting applications. The lattice design enhances heat transfer through cross-ventilation at the surface of lattice columns, promoting efficient solidification of liquid metal and reducing the possibility of shrinkage defects. Furthermore, the hollow lattice structure act as minimal constraint to casting contraction, significantly improving the microstructure and mechanical properties of the final product. This structure exhibits excellent collapsibility and yieldability, lower the shrinkage rate of castings to 0.5–0.75%, which significantly enhances casting soundness. It also reduces defects such as sink marks, shrinkage cavities, and other imperfections, while increasing the tensile strength of castings by 19.6%. These findings highlight the potential of lattice-structured 3D printed sand molds and cores as an effective solution for temperature control during solidification, offering improved casting quality and performance.