<p>The material used for coating sand in casting is organic resin, which produces irritating odor gases during the processes of resin preparation, coating, hardening, molding, and metal liquid filling. These emissions contribute to environmental pollution. This article focuses on the existing industry background and presents an inorganic-coated sand that utilizes sodium metasilicate pentahydrate as the primary binder component. The development of this material is a progressive step toward replacing organic resin-coated sand, thereby promoting green casting. This article first studied the effects of silicon dioxide and propylene glycol on the mechanical properties of silicate-coated sand through experiments. It was found that inorganic-coated sand had higher tensile strength when the amount of silicon dioxide added was 1.2% (by weight of sand) and the amount of propylene glycol added was 0.2% (by weight of sand). Then, through scanning electron microscopy, molecular dynamics simulation, and thermogravimetric analysis, combined with experimental results, the influence and mechanism of silica and glycerol on the properties of silicate-coated sand were analyzed. The research results confirm that the addition of silica and propylene glycol effectively improves the strength of the coated sand, and the coated sand prepared in this paper is a dry-coated sand, ensuring its good flowability. During the preparation of the coated sand, there is no release of irritating gas odors, and 99.8% is an inorganic component, which has high environmental value.</p>