The Effect of Al–5Ti–B Addition and Applying Helmholtz Coils Magnetic Field for Increasing Mechanical Properties of Investment Casting A356 Al–Si Alloys

This study investigates the influence of magnetic fields on the microstructure and mechanical properties for the investment casting A356 Al–Si alloy. A356, known for its significant application in aerospace, defense, and automotive industries, was subjected to various intensities of magnetic fields generated by Helmholtz coils during the investment casting process. Additionally, the alloy was modified with the addition of Al–5Ti–B master alloy, and samples were subjected to T6 heat treatment. The aim was to explore the combined effects of magnetic field, grain refiner, and heat treatment on the alloy’s microstructural evolution and mechanical properties. The characterizations of A356 alloy included tensile strength, Vickers hardness, metallography, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results indicated that magnetic fields applied during the casting process significantly influence the grain refinement of α-Al and the spheroidization of the eutectic silicon, leading to improve its mechanical properties. The study also examined the effects of magnetic fields on the distribution and morphology of eutectic silicon and Mg₂Si phases after T6 heat treatment. The findings of this research provide valuable insights in optimizing investment casting processes and enhancing the material properties of A356 alloy, which will offer potential applications in improving the quality and performance of cast components in various industrial sectors.