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Background <p>Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cancer in women globally, causing over 300,000 annual deaths. High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is the primary cause of malignant cervical transformation. Disruptions in the cervicovaginal microbiome (CVM) are linked to chronic HPV infections and an increased risk of progression to cervical neoplasia.</p> Objectives <p>To explore the interplay between alterations in CVM composition, hrHPV-driven carcinogenesis, and novel microbiome-based treatment strategies aimed at reducing cervical cancer risk.</p> Methods <p>This review synthesizes findings from recent studies, employing multiomics approaches, to assess the impact of CVM dynamics, particularly the role of Lactobacillus species, in hrHPV persistence and cervical neoplasia. Additionally, therapeutic interventions, such as probiotics and vaginal microbiota transplantation, were evaluated.</p> Results <p>CVM dysbiosis, marked by decreased Lactobacillus dominance and increased pathogenic species (e.g., Fusobacterium, Sneathia), is associated with HPV persistence and cervical cancer progression. Therapeutic probiotics and vaginal microbiota transplantation show promise in restoring microbiome balance, enhancing immune responses, and promoting HPV clearance. Advanced molecular techniques reveal metabolic and immunological pathways linking CVM to cervical carcinogenesis.</p> Conclusion <p>Restoring CVM balance via targeted therapies holds potential for mitigating HPV-related cervical cancer risk. Future research should focus on elucidating the mechanistic underpinnings of CVM-HPV interactions and validating microbiome-based treatments through clinical trials.</p>

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The Role of Cervicovaginal Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of Cervical Cancer

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月28日

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  • Chidubem F. Emereonye,
  • Stephanie E. Areloegbe,
  • Comfort A. Oladele,
  • Oluwaseyi A. Akpor,
  • Kehinde S. Olaniyi

摘要

Background

Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cancer in women globally, causing over 300,000 annual deaths. High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is the primary cause of malignant cervical transformation. Disruptions in the cervicovaginal microbiome (CVM) are linked to chronic HPV infections and an increased risk of progression to cervical neoplasia.

Objectives

To explore the interplay between alterations in CVM composition, hrHPV-driven carcinogenesis, and novel microbiome-based treatment strategies aimed at reducing cervical cancer risk.

Methods

This review synthesizes findings from recent studies, employing multiomics approaches, to assess the impact of CVM dynamics, particularly the role of Lactobacillus species, in hrHPV persistence and cervical neoplasia. Additionally, therapeutic interventions, such as probiotics and vaginal microbiota transplantation, were evaluated.

Results

CVM dysbiosis, marked by decreased Lactobacillus dominance and increased pathogenic species (e.g., Fusobacterium, Sneathia), is associated with HPV persistence and cervical cancer progression. Therapeutic probiotics and vaginal microbiota transplantation show promise in restoring microbiome balance, enhancing immune responses, and promoting HPV clearance. Advanced molecular techniques reveal metabolic and immunological pathways linking CVM to cervical carcinogenesis.

Conclusion

Restoring CVM balance via targeted therapies holds potential for mitigating HPV-related cervical cancer risk. Future research should focus on elucidating the mechanistic underpinnings of CVM-HPV interactions and validating microbiome-based treatments through clinical trials.