Breast Cancer Awareness, Knowledge, and Attitude among Medical and Non-Medical Female Undergraduates: A Cross-Sectional Study

Breast cancer's global prevalence significantly impacts women’s health and mortality. Despite its widespread nature, awareness and knowledge about the disease remain insufficient. Objective: This study investigates breast cancer awareness, knowledge, and attitudes among Pakistani female undergraduates.

A cross-sectional design was utilized. Participants, aged 18–35 and enrolled in a bachelor’s degree program, were recruited from 16 universities across Pakistan. Data collection occurred from March to May 2023 through an online survey. Participants were divided into medical and non-medical students. The survey assessed demographics, awareness, knowledge, and attitudes related to breast cancer screening.

A total of 3,353 participants were analyzed. Demographic analysis revealed variations in age, academic discipline, marital status, year of study, family income, and family history of breast cancer. Awareness scores showed limited understanding of breast cancer, mammography, and early detection, with medical students exhibiting higher awareness than non-medical students. Knowledge scores differed based on age, academic discipline, marital status, year of enrollment, family income, and family history of breast cancer. Attitudes towards breast screening varied, with a preference for discussing breast cancer with female doctors.

The study highlights the need to empower young women with accurate information to facilitate early detection and improve survival rates. Strategic interventions should address cultural, religious, and financial barriers and target specific demographic groups. Informed decision-making is crucial for reducing breast cancer's burden among young women in Pakistan.