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<p>The morphology of stream cross-sections in mountainous regions significantly influences hydraulic processes, yet in Northern Vietnam, data scarcity hinders flood risk assessment. This study analyzed 132 cross-sections from eight small mountainous streams to quantify two key hydraulic parameters: the cross-section shape characteristic index (<i>r</i>) and the bankfull width-to-depth ratio (<i>k</i>). Using standardized cross-section modeling and statistical methods, we found that the characteristic shape index <i>r</i> = 2.0 and bankfull width-to-depth ratio <i>k = 8.5</i> for the Northern Vietnamese mountainous streams. These values are consistent with global studies while reflecting unique regional geomorphological characteristics. The identified parameters enable the estimation of critical hydraulic variables (e.g., water depth, velocity, and flow width) in ungauged locations when discharge data is known, thereby supporting flood assessment in data-limited environments. Our findings provide practical framework for hydrologists and water resource engineers working in similar mountainous regions, contributing to improved understanding of stream hydraulics and more effective flood risk management in Northern Vietnam.</p>

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Characterizing cross-sectional shape indices for hydraulic estimation in small mountainous streams: a case study in Northern Vietnam

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月2日

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  • Thin Van Le,
  • Duong Cao Phan,
  • Hoa Dinh Tran,
  • Giap Dang Nguyen

摘要

The morphology of stream cross-sections in mountainous regions significantly influences hydraulic processes, yet in Northern Vietnam, data scarcity hinders flood risk assessment. This study analyzed 132 cross-sections from eight small mountainous streams to quantify two key hydraulic parameters: the cross-section shape characteristic index (r) and the bankfull width-to-depth ratio (k). Using standardized cross-section modeling and statistical methods, we found that the characteristic shape index r = 2.0 and bankfull width-to-depth ratio k = 8.5 for the Northern Vietnamese mountainous streams. These values are consistent with global studies while reflecting unique regional geomorphological characteristics. The identified parameters enable the estimation of critical hydraulic variables (e.g., water depth, velocity, and flow width) in ungauged locations when discharge data is known, thereby supporting flood assessment in data-limited environments. Our findings provide practical framework for hydrologists and water resource engineers working in similar mountainous regions, contributing to improved understanding of stream hydraulics and more effective flood risk management in Northern Vietnam.