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<p>Mar del Plata fruit and vegetable belt is the second fresh food producer within Argentina. Horticultural activity shows an expanding trend linked to the productive conditions. Entrance of new producers, investment speculation component and intensive production modalities are modifying the water resource dynamics and quality, generating potential social and environmental conflicts. The aim of this study is to estimate the water footprint (WF) of kiwi production considering its actual relevance within the national fruit production and transformation on the local water surfaces. Methodology by Hoekstra et al. (The water footprint assessment manual: setting the global standard, Routeledge Publishing, London, 2012) and the implementation of CROPWAT software (FAO <CitationRef CitationID="CR49">2013</CitationRef>) were used to get WF values. Data required were obtained from primary and secondary sources. Results show that kiwi production WF in the SE Buenos Aires province is 740&#xa0;L/kg. Green footprint (30%), blue footprint (21%) and gray footprint (49%) were identified, indicating high WF values ​​compared to other export fruits. Groundwater constitutes the only source supplying the crop irrigation demand. Map making of this phenomenon denotes new axes of expansion, enlarging productive limits over fragile areas like wetlands. In the present water social cycle, “value fruit growing” increases the demand on groundwater resources and it exports water that does not return to the system. The determined kiwi´s WF (740&#xa0;L/kg) exceeds those of Chile and New Zealand, leaders of the global market. The production of these countries mainly involves water from both precipitation and surface water resources. In terms of virtual water exchange this production in Argentina shows a negative balance.</p>

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Analysis of water footprint of kiwi production in General Pueyrredon district (Buenos Aires, Argentina)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月3日

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  • Analía Di Bona,
  • Silvia De Marco,
  • María Cintia Piccolo,
  • Jorge Marcovecchio

摘要

Mar del Plata fruit and vegetable belt is the second fresh food producer within Argentina. Horticultural activity shows an expanding trend linked to the productive conditions. Entrance of new producers, investment speculation component and intensive production modalities are modifying the water resource dynamics and quality, generating potential social and environmental conflicts. The aim of this study is to estimate the water footprint (WF) of kiwi production considering its actual relevance within the national fruit production and transformation on the local water surfaces. Methodology by Hoekstra et al. (The water footprint assessment manual: setting the global standard, Routeledge Publishing, London, 2012) and the implementation of CROPWAT software (FAO 2013) were used to get WF values. Data required were obtained from primary and secondary sources. Results show that kiwi production WF in the SE Buenos Aires province is 740 L/kg. Green footprint (30%), blue footprint (21%) and gray footprint (49%) were identified, indicating high WF values ​​compared to other export fruits. Groundwater constitutes the only source supplying the crop irrigation demand. Map making of this phenomenon denotes new axes of expansion, enlarging productive limits over fragile areas like wetlands. In the present water social cycle, “value fruit growing” increases the demand on groundwater resources and it exports water that does not return to the system. The determined kiwi´s WF (740 L/kg) exceeds those of Chile and New Zealand, leaders of the global market. The production of these countries mainly involves water from both precipitation and surface water resources. In terms of virtual water exchange this production in Argentina shows a negative balance.