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<p>This study investigates the effects of grafting on coir-based materials at different processing stages such as fibers, yarns, and geotextiles; to determine the optimal approach for enhancing performance under various environmental exposures. Coir fibers were grafted with the vinyl monomer, Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) and subsequently used to manufacture yarns and geotextiles, while a parallel approach involved direct grafting of the geotextile. Comparative analyses revealed that grafting at the fiber level yields superior results across key performance metrics. Characterization techniques including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) were employed to assess morphological and structural changes due to grafting. Water absorption of untreated fibres was reduced by 52% due to grafting. Durability and degradation were examined via accelerated and natural weathering, including burial tests, xenon arc exposure, and prolonged natural outdoor conditions. After 3 months of outdoor exposure, tensile strength decreased by 63.40% in untreated and 38.16% in grafted geotextiles, confirming that PMMA grafting delays degradation, especially under weathering conditions such as sunlight, rain, wind, and temperature fluctuations. After 3 months of soil burial, tensile strength reduction was 17.71% for untreated and only 9.4% for grafted geotextiles indicating better resistance to microbial and moisture induced decay. PMMA grafted coir geotextiles demonstrated greater resistance to chemical attack, particularly against NaCl, NaOH, Na₂CO₃, HCl and NaCl solutions. Leachate from natural outdoor exposures was analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved solids (TDS) to evaluate environmental interactions and indicated no significant release of harmful elements from grafted geotextiles. The results highlights the effectiveness of grafting in improving the performance of coir geotextiles for long-term geotechnical applications.</p>

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Performance Evaluation of Grafted Coir fibers, Yarns and Geotextiles: A Multi-exposure Analysis of Strength, Durability and Degradation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Sumy Sebastian,
  • P. V. Divya

摘要

This study investigates the effects of grafting on coir-based materials at different processing stages such as fibers, yarns, and geotextiles; to determine the optimal approach for enhancing performance under various environmental exposures. Coir fibers were grafted with the vinyl monomer, Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) and subsequently used to manufacture yarns and geotextiles, while a parallel approach involved direct grafting of the geotextile. Comparative analyses revealed that grafting at the fiber level yields superior results across key performance metrics. Characterization techniques including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) were employed to assess morphological and structural changes due to grafting. Water absorption of untreated fibres was reduced by 52% due to grafting. Durability and degradation were examined via accelerated and natural weathering, including burial tests, xenon arc exposure, and prolonged natural outdoor conditions. After 3 months of outdoor exposure, tensile strength decreased by 63.40% in untreated and 38.16% in grafted geotextiles, confirming that PMMA grafting delays degradation, especially under weathering conditions such as sunlight, rain, wind, and temperature fluctuations. After 3 months of soil burial, tensile strength reduction was 17.71% for untreated and only 9.4% for grafted geotextiles indicating better resistance to microbial and moisture induced decay. PMMA grafted coir geotextiles demonstrated greater resistance to chemical attack, particularly against NaCl, NaOH, Na₂CO₃, HCl and NaCl solutions. Leachate from natural outdoor exposures was analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved solids (TDS) to evaluate environmental interactions and indicated no significant release of harmful elements from grafted geotextiles. The results highlights the effectiveness of grafting in improving the performance of coir geotextiles for long-term geotechnical applications.