Abstract <p>Diabetes mellitus and weight problems are primary worldwide health issues that are becoming increasingly common and present severe risks for morbidity and death. The limited effectiveness or adverse side effects of cutting-edge remedy options often prevent them from producing long-term, sustainable results. To tackle these issues, Nano gene therapy has become a feasible method. This assessment investigates the ability of Nano gene therapy, which uses nanotechnology to precisely and effectively supply genetic materials, in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and obesity. The treatment of these metabolic diseases may be absolutely converted through nano-gene remedy, which mixes contemporary transport techniques with targeted gene-modifying gear like CRISPR/Cas9. Preclinical studies have shown encouraging outcomes; however, before scientific translation, some of the troubles need to be resolved, along with protection, moral troubles, and vast applicability. This evaluation was completed by means of searching through peer-reviewed courses from databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar that had been published between 2000 and 2024. The phrases "centered therapy," "obesity," "diabetes mellitus," "nanotechnology," "gene editing," and "nano-gene therapy" have been used.</p> Lay Summary <p>The use of nano-gene remedy to deal with diabetes mellitus and weight problems has tremendous promise. It offers a promising replacement for traditional treatments that focus on the molecular and genetic causes of these ailments through facilitating precise, targeted gene transport.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>