Abstract <p>Wound healing is a complex and dynamic biological process characterized by several distinct yet interconnected phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. Chronic wounds, especially in diabetic and elderly individuals, pose ongoing challenges due to factors such as infection, biofilm development, and slow tissue regeneration. Traditional treatments, including surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy, frequently fall short because of antimicrobial resistance and their inability to tackle the underlying pathophysiological issues. Recent progress in nanotechnology, biomaterials, and regenerative medicine has led to the development of novel approaches, such as bioengineered scaffolds, smart hydrogels, and 3D-printed constructs, which provide structural support and enable the controlled release of bioactive substances. Both natural and synthetic polymers, including chitosan, collagen, PEG, and PLGA, have been widely utilized to improve wound healing by enhancing biocompatibility, antimicrobial effectiveness, and mechanical strength. The incorporation of nanoparticles like silver, zinc oxide, and lipid-based carriers further enhances antibacterial properties and drug delivery efficiency. Advanced manufacturing techniques, such as electrospinning and stereolithography, allow for the precise creation of wound dressings that replicate the extracellular matrix, thereby promoting cellular adhesion and angiogenesis. Additionally, AI-driven scaffold design and personalized medicine strategies, including 3D bioprinting and bioactive hydrogel systems, are transforming the landscape of wound care by enabling tailored treatments that respond to specific physiological conditions of the wound. Despite significant advancements, challenges related to large-scale production and regulatory compliance continue to pose major obstacles. Overcoming these issues is crucial for translating laboratory advancements into standardized clinical applications. In summary, the integration of nanotechnology, bioengineering, and personalized medicine has the potential to significantly advance the management of chronic wounds.&#xa0;</p> Lay Summary <p>Chronic wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers and pressure sores have very slow healing processes and are often difficult to treat using traditional methods such as dressing, antibiotics, or surgery. These older approaches can fail due to infections, antibiotic resistance, and poor blood supply to the wound area. In more recent work to speed up and promote wound healing, scientists have developed new materials and technologies. One breakthrough is that bioengineered scaffolds which became available for use are minute structures (supportive) made of bio-compatible materials (either natural or synthetic) that may mimic the body’s own tissue. These provide a framework for new skin cells to grow while simultaneously delivering drugs or growth factors directly to the wound site. One other exciting innovation is 3D printing, which allows for the production of individualized wound dressings for each patient’s wound geometry. Alongside these printed scaffolds may be the healing agents, antimicrobial nanoparticles, and smart materials for controlled drug release. More efficacious combinations of these assets and technologies will permit doctors to speed up tissue repair, combat infection, and limit scarring. Additional work and large-scale testing are still required; nevertheless, these approaches hold tremendous promise for the future of the management of chronic wounds.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>