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Purpose <p>Chemotherapeutic drugs often cause adverse effects, therefore prompting researchers to find alternative therapeutic strategies. This study examined&#xa0;Curcumin's potential against primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) colon cancer cell lines.</p> Method <p>Curcumin's binding affinity with cancer stem cell (CSC) markers, ALDH1A1, LGR5, EpCAM, ALCAM, CD44, and their transcription factors were studied by molecular docking. SW480 and SW620 cell viability was measured by CCK8 and EZblue assay to find the cytotoxicity after treatment with curcumin, in comparison to Cisplatin. Hyaluronidase, elastase inhibition, and DPPH scavenging assays were studied to determine Curcumin's anti-oxidant properties. Anti-proliferative, apoptotic, and CSC-specific genes were analyzed, and Promin-1 protein, which is involved in colon cancer progression, was quantified to find the potential effects of Curcumin in reducing colon cancer cell proliferation.</p> Result <p><i>In-silico</i> studies showed Curcumin has a strong binding affinity to ALDH1A1, LGR5, and transcription factors STAT3, NFYA, and AKT. Curcumin reduced the cell viability in a dose and time-dependent manner. Further it also inhibited hyaluronidase and elastase activities and enhanced DPPH scavenging, confirming its anti-oxidant and possible anticancer activities. It downregulated <i>CCND1</i>, <i>CDK6, PCNA</i> and <i>LGR5, ALDH1A1, ALCAM, CD44</i> genes expression, and Prominin-1 expression while upregulating pro-apoptotic genes <i>CASP9, BAX, TP53</i> expression.</p> Conclusion <p>These findings show Curcumin's potential to reduce the proliferation of colon cancer cells and may suggest its possible use as a bioactive compound in colon cancer treatment.</p> Lay Summary <p>The activity of Curcumin against both primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) colon cancer cell lines was examined in this study. Curcumin reduced the proliferation of both SW480 and SW620 cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, it inhibited the hyaluronidase and elastase enzyme activities and showed anti-oxidant properties. The treatment also led to a downregulation of <i>CD44, ALCAM, EpCAM, LGR5</i>, and <i>ALDH1A1</i> and Prominin-1 expression in both the cell lines, which indicates the effectiveness of Curcumin against colon cancer cell proliferation, possibly via regulating cancer stem cell-specific genes.</p> Future Work <p>Further detailed <i>in vitro</i> works with more colon cancer cell lines and <i>in vivo</i> works will provide a better understanding of the anti-cancer properties of Curcumin and accelerate the ongoing efforts to use Curcumin as a supportive bioactive compound in colon cancer treatment.</p> Graphical Abstract <p>Potential role of Curcumin in targeting colon cancer cells.</p> <p></p>

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A Study on the Potential of Curcumin in Proliferation and Apoptosis of SW480 and SW620 Colon Cancer Cell Lines

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月6日

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  • Amit Dey,
  • Samatha M. Jain,
  • Sibin Nambidi,
  • Francesco Marotta,
  • Neeta Raj Sharma,
  • Surajit Pathak,
  • Nandita Thakkar,
  • Antara Banerjee

摘要

Purpose

Chemotherapeutic drugs often cause adverse effects, therefore prompting researchers to find alternative therapeutic strategies. This study examined Curcumin's potential against primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) colon cancer cell lines.

Method

Curcumin's binding affinity with cancer stem cell (CSC) markers, ALDH1A1, LGR5, EpCAM, ALCAM, CD44, and their transcription factors were studied by molecular docking. SW480 and SW620 cell viability was measured by CCK8 and EZblue assay to find the cytotoxicity after treatment with curcumin, in comparison to Cisplatin. Hyaluronidase, elastase inhibition, and DPPH scavenging assays were studied to determine Curcumin's anti-oxidant properties. Anti-proliferative, apoptotic, and CSC-specific genes were analyzed, and Promin-1 protein, which is involved in colon cancer progression, was quantified to find the potential effects of Curcumin in reducing colon cancer cell proliferation.

Result

In-silico studies showed Curcumin has a strong binding affinity to ALDH1A1, LGR5, and transcription factors STAT3, NFYA, and AKT. Curcumin reduced the cell viability in a dose and time-dependent manner. Further it also inhibited hyaluronidase and elastase activities and enhanced DPPH scavenging, confirming its anti-oxidant and possible anticancer activities. It downregulated CCND1, CDK6, PCNA and LGR5, ALDH1A1, ALCAM, CD44 genes expression, and Prominin-1 expression while upregulating pro-apoptotic genes CASP9, BAX, TP53 expression.

Conclusion

These findings show Curcumin's potential to reduce the proliferation of colon cancer cells and may suggest its possible use as a bioactive compound in colon cancer treatment.

Lay Summary

The activity of Curcumin against both primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) colon cancer cell lines was examined in this study. Curcumin reduced the proliferation of both SW480 and SW620 cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, it inhibited the hyaluronidase and elastase enzyme activities and showed anti-oxidant properties. The treatment also led to a downregulation of CD44, ALCAM, EpCAM, LGR5, and ALDH1A1 and Prominin-1 expression in both the cell lines, which indicates the effectiveness of Curcumin against colon cancer cell proliferation, possibly via regulating cancer stem cell-specific genes.

Future Work

Further detailed in vitro works with more colon cancer cell lines and in vivo works will provide a better understanding of the anti-cancer properties of Curcumin and accelerate the ongoing efforts to use Curcumin as a supportive bioactive compound in colon cancer treatment.

Graphical Abstract

Potential role of Curcumin in targeting colon cancer cells.