<p>Each natural number can be associated with some tree graph. Namely, a natural number <i>n</i> can be factored as <Equation ID="Equ38"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40879_2025_806_Article_Equ38.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="109" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} n = p_1^{\alpha _1}\cdots p_k^{\alpha _k}, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>p</mi> <mn>1</mn> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </msubsup> <mo>⋯</mo> <msubsup> <mi>p</mi> <mi>k</mi> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </msubsup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40879_2025_806_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p_i\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are distinct prime numbers. Since <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40879_2025_806_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\alpha _i\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are naturals, they can be factored in such a manner as well. This process may be continued, building the “factorization tree” until all the top numbers are 1. Let <i>H</i>(<i>n</i>) be the height of the tree corresponding to the number <i>n</i>, and let the symbol <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40879_2025_806_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\uparrow \uparrow \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">↑</mo> <mo stretchy="false">↑</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> denote tetration. In this paper, we derive asymptotic formulas for the sums <Equation ID="Equ76"> <MediaObject ID="MO1"> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="MediaObjects/40879_2025_806_Equ76_HTML.png" Format="PNG" Height="98" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="300" Type="Linedraw" Width="855" /> </MediaObject> </Equation>and <Equation ID="Equ77"> <MediaObject ID="MO2"> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="MediaObjects/40879_2025_806_Equ77_HTML.png" Format="PNG" Height="115" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="300" Type="Linedraw" Width="488" /> </MediaObject> </Equation>where the summation in the first sum is taken over primes.</p>

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On the tree structure of natural numbers. II

  • Vitalii Iudelevich

摘要

Each natural number can be associated with some tree graph. Namely, a natural number n can be factored as \(\begin{aligned} n = p_1^{\alpha _1}\cdots p_k^{\alpha _k}, \end{aligned}\) n = p 1 α 1 p k α k , where \(p_i\) p i are distinct prime numbers. Since \(\alpha _i\) α i are naturals, they can be factored in such a manner as well. This process may be continued, building the “factorization tree” until all the top numbers are 1. Let H(n) be the height of the tree corresponding to the number n, and let the symbol \(\uparrow \uparrow \) denote tetration. In this paper, we derive asymptotic formulas for the sums and where the summation in the first sum is taken over primes.