Parenting Changes, Gender, and Child Low Self-control
摘要
Changes in parental discipline and parental warmth may be related to the maldevelopment of self-control. Also, boys and girls may react to these changes in parenting practices differentially. Nonetheless, previous research has neglected why these parenting constructs may change, how parenting changes may impact children’s self-control, as well as how this effect may be different for boys and girls. This study examines the effects that changes in parental warmth and discipline have on later child self-control, how these effects may be moderated by gender, and why changes in parenting may occur. Using data from The Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study, OLS regression models are specified to determine whether residual changes in maternal warmth and discipline are related to child low self-control and whether this may be moderated by the child being female or male. Additionally, OLS regressions are specified to determine what factors may be related to residual changes in maternal warmth and discipline. Findings indicate that unpredicted increases in maternal warmth and discipline are significantly associated with child impulsivity. In addition, increases in maternal discipline corresponded with maternal characteristics such as maternal impulsivity and neuropsychological functioning. Lastly, maternal warmth did not show a gender-specific relationship with the development of self-control. Some models suggest a gender-specific association between maternal discipline and impulsivity; however, this finding was not replicated in all sensitivity models, and future research should examine whether this potential interaction reflects a true statistical association.