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<p>Guinea Grass (<i>Megathyrsus maximus</i>, syn. <i>Panicum maximum</i> Jacq.) is widely used as a forage crop in Brazil, but its production faces threats from diseases. Symptoms of circular to oval lesions with light-gray to light-brown color inside and dark-colored borders were observed in experimental fields. Our objective was to identify and to characterize the etiologic agent of these symptoms. We isolated a fungus from the lesions and through morphological measurements and molecular analysis of ITS, LSU, <i>ACT</i>, <i>TUB</i> and <i>GPDH</i> genes, we identified it as <i>Epicoccum sorghinum</i> (= <i>Phoma sorghina</i>). Pathogenicity tests confirmed its ability to cause disease in <i>M. maximus</i> cv. Mombaça, <i>Urochloa ruziziensis</i> and <i>Sorghum bicolor</i> cv. Volumax. A field survey of 875&#xa0;M<i>. maximus</i> genotypes revealed an average incidence of 71.6% during the 2022, 2023, and 2024 seasons, although none exhibited severe symptoms.</p>

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Characterization of Epicoccum sorghinum causing leaf spot disease in Megathyrsus maximus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Marcio M. Sanches,
  • Celso D. Fernandes,
  • Gustavo F. Theodoro,
  • Margareth V. Batista,
  • Jaqueline R. Verzignassi,
  • Isabella L. Locks

摘要

Guinea Grass (Megathyrsus maximus, syn. Panicum maximum Jacq.) is widely used as a forage crop in Brazil, but its production faces threats from diseases. Symptoms of circular to oval lesions with light-gray to light-brown color inside and dark-colored borders were observed in experimental fields. Our objective was to identify and to characterize the etiologic agent of these symptoms. We isolated a fungus from the lesions and through morphological measurements and molecular analysis of ITS, LSU, ACT, TUB and GPDH genes, we identified it as Epicoccum sorghinum (= Phoma sorghina). Pathogenicity tests confirmed its ability to cause disease in M. maximus cv. Mombaça, Urochloa ruziziensis and Sorghum bicolor cv. Volumax. A field survey of 875 M. maximus genotypes revealed an average incidence of 71.6% during the 2022, 2023, and 2024 seasons, although none exhibited severe symptoms.