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<p><i>Xanthomonas hortorum</i> pv. <i>vitians</i> is an important pathogen that causes bacterial leaf spot of lettuce. The use of nanoparticles offers a new approach to controlling this disease. The objective of this work was to investigate the use of nanoparticles for controlling bacterial leaf spot of lettuce and for seed treatment. Nanoparticles’ toxicity was evaluated by determining the <i>in vitro</i> bacterial growth inhibition zone. Lettuce seeds were inoculated with the bacteria and treated with CuO, NiO, ZnO:1.0Ag and ZnOCl:5.0Ag nanoparticles. Percentages of bacteria detected in the seeds, seed germination and seedlings emergence were determined. To control bacterial leaf spot, CuO, NiO, ZnO:1.0Ag and ZnOCl:5.0Ag nanoparticles were sprayed on lettuce plants both in preventive and curative applications. In the preventive application, CuO, NiO, ZnO:1Ag, ZnOCl:5Ag, water and copper were sprayed, and the plants were inoculated with a bacterial suspension (10<sup>8</sup> CFU/mL) after three days. In the curative application, the plants were inoculated with the bacteria, and sprayed with the nanoparticles three days later. Disease severity was assessed and the area under the disease progress curve was calculated. ZnO:Ag, ZnO:Au, ZnOCl:Ag, CuO, and NiO nanoparticles inhibited bacterial growth <i>in vitro</i>. CuO, ZnO:1.0Ag, and ZnOCl:5.0Ag nanoparticles did not reduce the bacteria in inoculated lettuce seeds and did not reduce seed germination and seedling emergence. The preventive and curative applications of CuO, ZnO:1.0Ag, and ZnOCl:5.0Ag nanoparticles reduced disease severity, and are potential alternatives to manage bacterial leaf spot of lettuce.</p>

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Antibacterial activity of metal-oxide nanoparticles in seed and foliar treatment for bacterial leaf spot of lettuce control

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月2日

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  • Natalia Martins Freitas,
  • Anielle Cristine Almeida Silva,
  • Nilvanira Donizete Tebaldi

摘要

Xanthomonas hortorum pv. vitians is an important pathogen that causes bacterial leaf spot of lettuce. The use of nanoparticles offers a new approach to controlling this disease. The objective of this work was to investigate the use of nanoparticles for controlling bacterial leaf spot of lettuce and for seed treatment. Nanoparticles’ toxicity was evaluated by determining the in vitro bacterial growth inhibition zone. Lettuce seeds were inoculated with the bacteria and treated with CuO, NiO, ZnO:1.0Ag and ZnOCl:5.0Ag nanoparticles. Percentages of bacteria detected in the seeds, seed germination and seedlings emergence were determined. To control bacterial leaf spot, CuO, NiO, ZnO:1.0Ag and ZnOCl:5.0Ag nanoparticles were sprayed on lettuce plants both in preventive and curative applications. In the preventive application, CuO, NiO, ZnO:1Ag, ZnOCl:5Ag, water and copper were sprayed, and the plants were inoculated with a bacterial suspension (108 CFU/mL) after three days. In the curative application, the plants were inoculated with the bacteria, and sprayed with the nanoparticles three days later. Disease severity was assessed and the area under the disease progress curve was calculated. ZnO:Ag, ZnO:Au, ZnOCl:Ag, CuO, and NiO nanoparticles inhibited bacterial growth in vitro. CuO, ZnO:1.0Ag, and ZnOCl:5.0Ag nanoparticles did not reduce the bacteria in inoculated lettuce seeds and did not reduce seed germination and seedling emergence. The preventive and curative applications of CuO, ZnO:1.0Ag, and ZnOCl:5.0Ag nanoparticles reduced disease severity, and are potential alternatives to manage bacterial leaf spot of lettuce.