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<p>This study investigates the genetic diversity and racial composition of <i>Exserohilum turcicum</i>, the causative agent of Turcicum leaf blight in maize, under the agroclimatic conditions of Kashmir. A systematic survey across major maize-growing districts revealed the widespread occurrence of Turcicum leaf blight. Fifty-two fungal isolates were obtained from infected maize samples collected from diverse locations. Pathogenicity was confirmed through artificial inoculation on a susceptible maize cultivar. Morphological characterization was conducted using microscopy, while molecular identification involved DNA extraction from fungal mycelia, amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region using ITS1 and ITS4 primers, and subsequent sequencing. BLAST analysis of the sequenced amplicons demonstrated 98.63–99.24% similarity to reference strains of <i>E. turcicum</i>. The isolates were conclusively identified as <i>Exserohilum turcicum</i> (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs teleomorph; <i>Setosphaeria turcica</i> Luttrell, based on morphological traits, pathogenicity tests, and molecular confirmation. Racial profiling on maize differential lines containing various Ht resistance genes identified seven distinct races: 0, 1, 3, 12, 13, 23, and 23N. Among the isolates of <i>E. turcicum</i>, race distribution indicated that 9.37% belonged to race 0, 4.68% race 1, 14.06% race 3, 7.81% race 12, 10.93% race 13, 21.87% race 23 and 31.25% belonged to race 23N. Race 23N and 23 of <i>E. turcicum</i> were found most abundant under agroclimatic conditions of Kashmir. These findings provide critical insights into the population structure of <i>E. turcicum</i>, with implications for the development of targeted disease management strategies in maize cultivation.</p>

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Identification of physiological races of Exserohilum turcicum [(Pass.) K. J. Leonard & Suggs] causing turcicum leaf blight of maize in Kashmir India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月13日

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  • Roohi Jan,
  • M. Ashraf Ahangar,
  • Z. A. Dar,
  • Zahoor Ahmad Bhat,
  • S. K. Agarwal,
  • Sabina Nasseer

摘要

This study investigates the genetic diversity and racial composition of Exserohilum turcicum, the causative agent of Turcicum leaf blight in maize, under the agroclimatic conditions of Kashmir. A systematic survey across major maize-growing districts revealed the widespread occurrence of Turcicum leaf blight. Fifty-two fungal isolates were obtained from infected maize samples collected from diverse locations. Pathogenicity was confirmed through artificial inoculation on a susceptible maize cultivar. Morphological characterization was conducted using microscopy, while molecular identification involved DNA extraction from fungal mycelia, amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region using ITS1 and ITS4 primers, and subsequent sequencing. BLAST analysis of the sequenced amplicons demonstrated 98.63–99.24% similarity to reference strains of E. turcicum. The isolates were conclusively identified as Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs teleomorph; Setosphaeria turcica Luttrell, based on morphological traits, pathogenicity tests, and molecular confirmation. Racial profiling on maize differential lines containing various Ht resistance genes identified seven distinct races: 0, 1, 3, 12, 13, 23, and 23N. Among the isolates of E. turcicum, race distribution indicated that 9.37% belonged to race 0, 4.68% race 1, 14.06% race 3, 7.81% race 12, 10.93% race 13, 21.87% race 23 and 31.25% belonged to race 23N. Race 23N and 23 of E. turcicum were found most abundant under agroclimatic conditions of Kashmir. These findings provide critical insights into the population structure of E. turcicum, with implications for the development of targeted disease management strategies in maize cultivation.