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<p>Gladiolus is a commercial flower crop known as the queen of bulbous flowering plants. It is affected by the <i>Fusarium</i> wilt, a major disease caused by <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>gladioli,</i> which leads to severe crop as well as yield losses. Hence, there is a substantial interest in breeding Fusarium wilt resistant varieties in gladiolus. Twenty-one gladiolus genotypes present in our field GenBank were screened for <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>gladioli</i> under natural epiphytotic conditions. The results indicated a varied degree of resistance <i>i.e.</i> 12 highly resistant, 2 resistant and 7 moderately susceptible genotypes with percent disease index (PDI) ranged from 0 to 50%. These genotypes were assessed for polymorphism across 24 RGA (Resistant Gene Analogue) markers, revealing four polymorphic RGA markers <i>viz</i>., GhRGA10, GhRGA23, GhRGA41, and GhRGA55. Cluster analysis categorised twenty-one genotypes into four main clusters comprising resistant and susceptible genotypes together indicates the lack of specificity of RGA markers in detecting genetic diversity. Hybrid progenies were generated through the crossbreeding of resistant and susceptible varieties in six distinct combinations. One hundred twenty-nine hybrid progenies along with parents were subjected to artificial screening by challenge inoculation with <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>gladioli</i> (IIHR-FOGL1) which readily confirmed the presence of resistant and susceptible progenies in the population. Two polymorphic RGA markers (GhRGA10 and GhRGA23) were subjected for validation using the parents and subsequent progenies from the cross Arka Aayush x Arka Pratham (30 no’s) and Arka Pratham x Arka Aayush (9 no’s); which resulted in the expression of polymorphic bands in the resistant and susceptible progenies. The disease resistant progenies identified from this study can serve as the prebreeding material for the development of <i>Fusarium</i> wilt resistant varieties. The validated RGA markers can hasten the quick identification of resistant progenies in the population and expedite the marker assisted breeding in gladiolus against <i>Fusarium</i> wilt.</p>

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Validation of RGA markers for Fusarium wilt resistance in gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus Hort.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月15日

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  • Monica Kadlerakr Rao,
  • Thangaraj Usha Bharathi,
  • Nandeesha Puttaswamy Gowda,
  • Priti Sonavane,
  • Rohini Mony Radhika,
  • Rajiv Kumar,
  • Amreen Taj

摘要

Gladiolus is a commercial flower crop known as the queen of bulbous flowering plants. It is affected by the Fusarium wilt, a major disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli, which leads to severe crop as well as yield losses. Hence, there is a substantial interest in breeding Fusarium wilt resistant varieties in gladiolus. Twenty-one gladiolus genotypes present in our field GenBank were screened for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli under natural epiphytotic conditions. The results indicated a varied degree of resistance i.e. 12 highly resistant, 2 resistant and 7 moderately susceptible genotypes with percent disease index (PDI) ranged from 0 to 50%. These genotypes were assessed for polymorphism across 24 RGA (Resistant Gene Analogue) markers, revealing four polymorphic RGA markers viz., GhRGA10, GhRGA23, GhRGA41, and GhRGA55. Cluster analysis categorised twenty-one genotypes into four main clusters comprising resistant and susceptible genotypes together indicates the lack of specificity of RGA markers in detecting genetic diversity. Hybrid progenies were generated through the crossbreeding of resistant and susceptible varieties in six distinct combinations. One hundred twenty-nine hybrid progenies along with parents were subjected to artificial screening by challenge inoculation with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli (IIHR-FOGL1) which readily confirmed the presence of resistant and susceptible progenies in the population. Two polymorphic RGA markers (GhRGA10 and GhRGA23) were subjected for validation using the parents and subsequent progenies from the cross Arka Aayush x Arka Pratham (30 no’s) and Arka Pratham x Arka Aayush (9 no’s); which resulted in the expression of polymorphic bands in the resistant and susceptible progenies. The disease resistant progenies identified from this study can serve as the prebreeding material for the development of Fusarium wilt resistant varieties. The validated RGA markers can hasten the quick identification of resistant progenies in the population and expedite the marker assisted breeding in gladiolus against Fusarium wilt.