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<p>Dragon fruit (<i>Hylocereus</i> spp.) production in Ecuador has expanded considerably in the past decade, yet little is known about the diversity and prevalence of viruses affecting this crop. This study was conducted in two phases. First, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) was used to characterize the virome of symptomatic dragon fruit plants, including three from a germplasm collection and one from a commercial planting. HTS analysis identified six viruses: four potexvirus members —cactus virus X (CVX), pitaya virus X (PiVX), zygocactus virus X (ZyVX), and Schlumbergera virus X (SchVX)— as well as pitaya badnavirus 1 (PiBV1) and a previously unreported dragon fruit isolate of cactus carlavirus 2 (CCV-2). While PiBV1 showed 98% nucleotide identity with its closest known relative, the newly identified CCV-2 isolate from Ecuador shared only 77% identity with the orchid cactus isolate. Within potexviruses, the greatest genomic diversity was observed for CVX. In the second phase, an RT-PCR-based survey was conducted on over 500 field samples from six Ecuadorian provinces to assess the prevalence of the HTS-detected viruses. SchVX was the most widespread virus, with incidence rates ranging from 33% in Los Ríos to 100% in Pastaza and Morona Santiago. PiBV1 was the second most prevalent, detected in 42–86% of samples across various provinces. This study provides the first comprehensive characterization of dragon fruit viruses in Ecuador, revealing their genetic diversity and occurrence in the field.</p>

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Unraveling the viral diversity in dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) from commercial orchards of Ecuador

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月2日

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  • Lisbeth Espinoza-Lozano,
  • Andrea N. Calero,
  • Milenka Vera,
  • Raúl Cifuentes,
  • Estefanía Vega-Barquet,
  • Juan F. Cornejo-Franco,
  • Paolo Margaria,
  • Wulf Menzel,
  • Diego F. Quito-Avila

摘要

Dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) production in Ecuador has expanded considerably in the past decade, yet little is known about the diversity and prevalence of viruses affecting this crop. This study was conducted in two phases. First, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) was used to characterize the virome of symptomatic dragon fruit plants, including three from a germplasm collection and one from a commercial planting. HTS analysis identified six viruses: four potexvirus members —cactus virus X (CVX), pitaya virus X (PiVX), zygocactus virus X (ZyVX), and Schlumbergera virus X (SchVX)— as well as pitaya badnavirus 1 (PiBV1) and a previously unreported dragon fruit isolate of cactus carlavirus 2 (CCV-2). While PiBV1 showed 98% nucleotide identity with its closest known relative, the newly identified CCV-2 isolate from Ecuador shared only 77% identity with the orchid cactus isolate. Within potexviruses, the greatest genomic diversity was observed for CVX. In the second phase, an RT-PCR-based survey was conducted on over 500 field samples from six Ecuadorian provinces to assess the prevalence of the HTS-detected viruses. SchVX was the most widespread virus, with incidence rates ranging from 33% in Los Ríos to 100% in Pastaza and Morona Santiago. PiBV1 was the second most prevalent, detected in 42–86% of samples across various provinces. This study provides the first comprehensive characterization of dragon fruit viruses in Ecuador, revealing their genetic diversity and occurrence in the field.