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<p><i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> and related species incite bacterial wilt (BW) on a wide host range and significant crop losses have been reported in many economically important crops worldwide. The management of BW is still a challenging task due to the pathogen genetic diversity and adaptability, the inefficacy of antibiotics and the phenomenon of temperature-dependent resistance breakdown. The present investigation was aimed to identify suitable crops with suppressive effects against <i>R. pseudosolanacearum</i> (previously known as <i>R. solanacearum</i> phylotype I) and assess their potential in developing a promising suppressive crop rotation system. Among the 30 rotations with various crops in a sick plot experiment conducted for two years, significant reduction of BW incidence was observed for maize-maize-eggplant (MME; -73.91%), sorghum-maize-eggplant (SME; -65.00%), okra-okra-eggplant (OOE; -65.00%), okra-maize-eggplant (OME; -57.14%), sorghum-sorghum-eggplant (SSE; -54.55%) and maize-okra-eggplant (MOE; -42.86%), whereas there was a significant increase in BW incidence in eggplant-eggplant-eggplant (EEE; 68.18%) monoculture. Illumina sequencing of the V3-V4 regions of 16S rDNA of rhizospheric soil DNA showed higher population of the phyla Firmicutes and Actinobacteria in the suppressive crop rotations viz<i>.</i>, MME, OOE and SME, compared to EEE. Higher population levels of Actinobacteria and Bacilli were observed at the class level. Further, per cent reads of various organisms used as biological control agents of <i>R. solanacearum</i>, viz., <i>Streptomyces</i> spp., <i>Burkholderia-Paraburkholderia</i> spp., <i>Bacillus</i> spp., <i>Brevibacillus</i> spp., <i>Paenibacillus</i> spp., and <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp. were more prevalent in the rhizosphere of eggplants at the end of two consecutive years in MME, OOE and SME, compared to EEE. Thus, maize, okra and sorghum were identified to reduce the inoculum load of the <i>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</i> in soil along with&#xa0;reducing the incidence of the BW in eggplant when utilized in the crop rotations.</p>

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Crop rotation effects on the rhizosphere bacterial community and suppression of bacterial wilt of eggplant

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月4日

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  • Ankit Kumar Ghorai,
  • Subrata Dutta,
  • Ashis Roy Barman

摘要

Ralstonia solanacearum and related species incite bacterial wilt (BW) on a wide host range and significant crop losses have been reported in many economically important crops worldwide. The management of BW is still a challenging task due to the pathogen genetic diversity and adaptability, the inefficacy of antibiotics and the phenomenon of temperature-dependent resistance breakdown. The present investigation was aimed to identify suitable crops with suppressive effects against R. pseudosolanacearum (previously known as R. solanacearum phylotype I) and assess their potential in developing a promising suppressive crop rotation system. Among the 30 rotations with various crops in a sick plot experiment conducted for two years, significant reduction of BW incidence was observed for maize-maize-eggplant (MME; -73.91%), sorghum-maize-eggplant (SME; -65.00%), okra-okra-eggplant (OOE; -65.00%), okra-maize-eggplant (OME; -57.14%), sorghum-sorghum-eggplant (SSE; -54.55%) and maize-okra-eggplant (MOE; -42.86%), whereas there was a significant increase in BW incidence in eggplant-eggplant-eggplant (EEE; 68.18%) monoculture. Illumina sequencing of the V3-V4 regions of 16S rDNA of rhizospheric soil DNA showed higher population of the phyla Firmicutes and Actinobacteria in the suppressive crop rotations viz., MME, OOE and SME, compared to EEE. Higher population levels of Actinobacteria and Bacilli were observed at the class level. Further, per cent reads of various organisms used as biological control agents of R. solanacearum, viz., Streptomyces spp., Burkholderia-Paraburkholderia spp., Bacillus spp., Brevibacillus spp., Paenibacillus spp., and Acinetobacter spp. were more prevalent in the rhizosphere of eggplants at the end of two consecutive years in MME, OOE and SME, compared to EEE. Thus, maize, okra and sorghum were identified to reduce the inoculum load of the Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum in soil along with reducing the incidence of the BW in eggplant when utilized in the crop rotations.