“Spaces of Inclusion” in territorial governance: the legacy of Brazilian territorial development policies in the empowerment of smallholder farming

This study aims to assess the impact of Brazilian programs focused on promoting territorial development in strengthening historically marginalized social groups, specifically family farming, within the framework of territorial governance. Drawing on the theoretical framework of territorial governance and institutional arrangements, we empirically analyze a significant Brazilian experience. Our findings demonstrate that the series of Brazilian territorial development programs resulted in valuable social and institutional learning experiences, effectively organizing family farming organizations and enhancing their agency within negotiation arenas within the territory. We argue for the necessity of affirmative measures and structural reform policies within the scope of territorial governance.