Is education’s positive impact on views toward ethnic diversity affected by views toward gender and LGBTQ+ equality?

We examine whether the positive effects of educational attainment on views toward ethnic diversity and a sense of world citizenship are influenced by personal views related to gender equality, civil rights for all, and sexual orientation. Our hypothesis is that tolerance toward those of different ethnic backgrounds is enhanced with greater educational attainment, but the effect is weaker for those with intolerant views toward those with different sexual orientations or to equal rights (or status) for women. Thus, basic views of civil rights, gender equality, and tolerance for those with different sexual orientations are a foundational condition for education having a strong positive effect on attitudes toward those of different ethnic backgrounds as well. In environments where these basic views of gender and sexual equality do not exist, additional education does not seem to have a meaningful impact on individual attitudes toward those of different ethnic backgrounds.