Purpose <p>Bone tissue engineering aims to develop innovative strategies for repairing bone defects, a challenge of great clinical importance. This study investigates the use of nanocomposite scaffolds composed of collagen hydrogel, Camellia sinensis extract-loaded Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles, and bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) to enhance bone regeneration.</p> Methods <p>The collagen hydrogel provides a biocompatible and biodegradable scaffold, while the ZIF-8 nanoparticles enable controlled and sustained release of the osteogenic agents from Camellia sinensis extract. BMSCs, known for their multipotency and osteogenic potential, are incorporated to further promote bone tissue formation. Various assays, including SEM imaging, FTIR spectroscopy, cell viability, anti-inflammatory, histology, swelling, release, and cell migration assays, were conducted to evaluate the scaffold’s properties.</p> Results <p>Results demonstrated that the composite scaffold supports cell viability and proliferation, provides anti-inflammatory benefits, and enables sustained release of bioactive compounds. However, high concentrations of ZIF-8 nanoparticles were found to reduce cell viability, highlighting the need for optimal dosing.</p> Conclusion <p>Overall, this nanocomposite scaffold shows promise for bone tissue engineering applications, particularly for complex bone defects.</p>