Bio-camouflaged nanoreactors with spatiotemporally controlled Cu2+-Fenton catalysis for enhanced starvation-augmented mild photothermal therapy
摘要
Tumor heterogeneity and adaptive resistance significantly hinder the effectiveness of conventional monotherapies. To overcome this, we designed a novel bio-mimetic nanoplatform (HMPB-GOx@HSA-Cu2+) that synergistically combines starvation therapy, dynamic Fenton/Fenton-like catalysis, and mild photothermal therapy for precise treatment of highly invasive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The platform features a core of hollow mesoporous Prussian blue (HMPB) loaded with glucose oxidase (GOx), encased in a human serum albumin (HSA) shell covalently bound to Cu2+ ions. The Cu2+ loading endows the system with spatiotemporal control over Fenton/Fenton-like catalysis, enabling tumor microenvironment-responsive release of hydroxyl radical. GOx-mediated glucose consumption further promotes hydrogen peroxide accumulation and enhances the acidic environment, increasing catalytic efficiency. Additionally, the mild photothermal effect accelerates catalysis and overcomes tumor thermal tolerance via ATP depletion and heat shock protein (HSP) expression inhibition. Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that HMPB-GOx@HSA-Cu2+ achieves significant anti-tumor effects through reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and metabolic disruption, while exhibiting excellent biocompatibility and safety. This work presents a novel, highly integrated anti-tumor strategy, offering new perspectives for cancer treatment.