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<p>The practical application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) has been significantly hindered by two critical challenges: inferior cycling stability and potential safety risks arising from uncontrollable lithium dendrite growth. Herein, a multifunctional hybrid protection layer consisting of Li<sub>3</sub>Bi/LiF was <i>in-situ</i> constructed by spontaneous reduction reaction between Li and BiF<sub>3</sub>. In this configuration, the highly lithiophilic Li<sub>3</sub>Bi component serves as nucleation seeds to decrease the nucleation barrier and guide a uniform Li deposition. Meanwhile, LiF with high ionic conductivity promotes Li<sup>+</sup> diffusion kinetics and homogenous Li<sup>+</sup> flux during Li plating/stripping. Benefiting from these merits, the Li∥Li symmetric cell with BiF<sub>3</sub>-Li exhibits excellent Li plating/stripping behaviors over 2500 h at 3 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> for 3 mAh cm<sup>−2</sup> with a low voltage hysteresis of 60 mV. Furthermore, the BiF<sub>3</sub>-Li∥LiFePO<sub>4</sub> full cell demonstrates a remarkable capacity retention of 73% after 1700 cycles at 1 C. This work not only provides a facile strategy for developing multifunctional artificial inter-layers but also offers valuable insights for the design and fabrication of high-performance LMBs.</p>

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Highly stable and dendrite-free lithium metal batteries enabled by a novel artificial interphase layer

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月14日

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  • Yuhan Lu,
  • Wanjie Gao,
  • Yi Peng,
  • Yueheng Yu,
  • Xi Liu,
  • Yinxu Lu,
  • Yuping Wu,
  • Jiarui He

摘要

The practical application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) has been significantly hindered by two critical challenges: inferior cycling stability and potential safety risks arising from uncontrollable lithium dendrite growth. Herein, a multifunctional hybrid protection layer consisting of Li3Bi/LiF was in-situ constructed by spontaneous reduction reaction between Li and BiF3. In this configuration, the highly lithiophilic Li3Bi component serves as nucleation seeds to decrease the nucleation barrier and guide a uniform Li deposition. Meanwhile, LiF with high ionic conductivity promotes Li+ diffusion kinetics and homogenous Li+ flux during Li plating/stripping. Benefiting from these merits, the Li∥Li symmetric cell with BiF3-Li exhibits excellent Li plating/stripping behaviors over 2500 h at 3 mA cm−2 for 3 mAh cm−2 with a low voltage hysteresis of 60 mV. Furthermore, the BiF3-Li∥LiFePO4 full cell demonstrates a remarkable capacity retention of 73% after 1700 cycles at 1 C. This work not only provides a facile strategy for developing multifunctional artificial inter-layers but also offers valuable insights for the design and fabrication of high-performance LMBs.