Compositional engineering nanoparticles and microwave absorption tuning of C-coated high-entropy alloy nanoparticles via vapor-phase synthesis
摘要
The tunable dielectric and magnetic properties of high entropy alloy (HEA) nanoparticles have attracted considerable interest in realizing optimal impedance matching and microwave absorption performance. However, the compositional engineering of HEA nanoparticles in regulating their dielectric-magnetic balance to achieve high-performance microwave absorption remains challenging. Herein, a vapor-phase synthesis method is employed to prepare C-coated CoNiFeCuCrx HEA nanoparticles with tunable Cr content. The prepared HEA nanoparticles, with a size of less than 10 nm, exhibited typical soft ferromagnetic characteristics. In conjunction with the additional contributions of interfacial polarization, graphitization of the C-shell, and tunable Cr content to the regulation of electromagnetic parameters, the C-coated CoNiFeCuCr0.5 nanoparticles exhibit a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −63.9 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 5.52 GHz, with an optimal thickness of 2.1 mm. Moreover, by employing a gradient three-layer architectural design, the EAB can be further extended to 12.22 GHz. Simultaneously, the simulated radar cross-section (RCS) results highlight its exceptional radar stealth performance, with RCS values remaining below −20 dBm2 across a wide angular range of −85° to 85°. This study offers valuable perspectives on designing high-performance HEA-based electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, achieving outstanding microwave absorption and radar stealth capabilities through careful compositional engineering.