Advancements in drugs restructured with nanomedicines for multiple myeloma treatment

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy of clonal plasma cells, characterized by high relapse rates and rapid development of drug resistance. The emergence of proteasome inhibitors has dramatically improved the therapeutic effect of MM; however, side effects and drug resistance still negatively affect the survival rate of MM. Nano-medicine has become a promising field for therapeutic innovation owing to its biodegradability and biocompatibility. Nanoparticles (NPs), when combined with MM therapeutic drugs, can reduce side effects, increase treatment efficacy, and alleviate drug resistance, providing a new direction for the treatment of MM. Restructuring drugs with NPs presents an ideal strategy for ongoing studies aimed at more effective therapies. Additionally, clinical nanomedicine research has yielded new opportunities for MM treatment. This review, guided by the development of MM therapeutic drugs, summarizes the past 20 years of research progress and breakthroughs in NP-based systems for treating MM and improving drug targeting ability.