<p>Motivated by combinatorial applications, a complete characterization of permutation polynomials of the form <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f(x)+\gamma x\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is of significant interest. In this paper, we first study such polynomials over <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {F}_{q^2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">F</mi> <msup> <mi>q</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of the form <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sum _i(x^q-x+\delta )^{s_i}+\gamma x\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mo>∑</mo> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>δ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(s_i\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are positive integers and <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\delta , \gamma \in \mathbb {F}_{q^2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>δ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">F</mi> <msup> <mi>q</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\gamma \ne 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>≠</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. While partial results are known for <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\gamma \in \mathbb {F}_q\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">F</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> using the AGW criterion, this method fails for <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\gamma \in \mathbb {F}_{q^2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">F</mi> <msup> <mi>q</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. To overcome this, we propose a new technique for verifying the permutation property. Using this method, we extend many known permutation polynomials of the form <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sum _i(x^q-x+\delta )^{s_i}+x\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mo>∑</mo> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>δ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> over <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {F}_{q^2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">F</mi> <msup> <mi>q</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We further demonstrate the efficacy of our approach by generalizing some results of Liu, Jiang, and Zou, who investigated polynomials of the form <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sum _i(x^q-x+\delta )^{s_i}+\gamma (x^q+x)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mo>∑</mo> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>δ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>s</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\gamma \in \mathbb {F}_{q}^*\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">F</mi> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> </mrow> <mo>∗</mo> </msubsup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(q\in \{3^n,5^n\}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <msup> <mn>3</mn> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <msup> <mn>5</mn> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Finally, for a class of special-form permutation polynomials given by <InlineEquation ID="IEq16"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(x+\gamma \textrm{Tr}_q^{q^d}(x^{q+1}+x^{2q+2})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <msubsup> <mtext>Tr</mtext> <mi>q</mi> <msup> <mi>q</mi> <mi>d</mi> </msup> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>q</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq17"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(q=2^m\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mi>m</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq18"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(2\not \mid d\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∤</mo> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we present an alternative method to determine their permutation behavior.</p>

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New Permutation Polynomials over \(\mathbb {F}_{q^2}\)

  • Xuan Pang,
  • Pingzhi Yuan,
  • Danyao Wu,
  • Huanhuan Guan

摘要

Motivated by combinatorial applications, a complete characterization of permutation polynomials of the form \(f(x)+\gamma x\) f ( x ) + γ x is of significant interest. In this paper, we first study such polynomials over \(\mathbb {F}_{q^2}\) F q 2 of the form \(\sum _i(x^q-x+\delta )^{s_i}+\gamma x\) i ( x q - x + δ ) s i + γ x , where \(s_i\) s i are positive integers and \(\delta , \gamma \in \mathbb {F}_{q^2}\) δ , γ F q 2 with \(\gamma \ne 0\) γ 0 . While partial results are known for \(\gamma \in \mathbb {F}_q\) γ F q using the AGW criterion, this method fails for \(\gamma \in \mathbb {F}_{q^2}\) γ F q 2 . To overcome this, we propose a new technique for verifying the permutation property. Using this method, we extend many known permutation polynomials of the form \(\sum _i(x^q-x+\delta )^{s_i}+x\) i ( x q - x + δ ) s i + x over \(\mathbb {F}_{q^2}\) F q 2 . We further demonstrate the efficacy of our approach by generalizing some results of Liu, Jiang, and Zou, who investigated polynomials of the form \(\sum _i(x^q-x+\delta )^{s_i}+\gamma (x^q+x)\) i ( x q - x + δ ) s i + γ ( x q + x ) for \(\gamma \in \mathbb {F}_{q}^*\) γ F q and \(q\in \{3^n,5^n\}\) q { 3 n , 5 n } . Finally, for a class of special-form permutation polynomials given by \(x+\gamma \textrm{Tr}_q^{q^d}(x^{q+1}+x^{2q+2})\) x + γ Tr q q d ( x q + 1 + x 2 q + 2 ) , where \(q=2^m\) q = 2 m , \(2\not \mid d\) 2 d , we present an alternative method to determine their permutation behavior.