One of the crucial problems in coding theory is constructing linear codes with good parameters. Various techniques exist for the construction of linear codes, one involving functions over finite fields. This study focuses on the construction of novel quinary (minimal) linear codes using weakly regular plateaued and bent functions defined over the finite field \({{\mathbb {F}}}_p\) , where \(p=5\) . This paper has two new ideas. The first one is to use new defining subsets of \({{\mathbb {F}}}_5^n\) to develop linear codes over \({{\mathbb {F}}}_5\) . The latter aims to utilise an extensive new set of functions within the proposed defining sets. Explicitly, to create new linear codes over the finite field \({{\mathbb {F}}}_5\) , we employ weakly regular plateaued and bent functions in the six new defining subsets of \({{\mathbb {F}}}_5^n\) . Then, we obtain new classes of quinary linear codes by utilising the sets of pre-images from weakly regular plateaued, as well as bent, functions within the framework for constructing linear codes over \({{\mathbb {F}}}_5\) .
