<p>The contributions in this note begin with a new characterization of (positive) scalar multiples of minimal tripotents in a general <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="29" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\hbox {JB}^*\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mtext>JB</mtext> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-triple <i>E</i>, proving that a non-zero element <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="47" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a\in E\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi>E</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a positive scalar multiple of a minimal tripotent in <i>E</i> if, and only if, its inner quadratic annihilator (that is, the set <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="228" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\phantom {a}^{\perp _{q}}\{a\} = \{ b\in E: \{a,b,a\} =0\}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mphantom> <mi>a</mi> </mphantom> <msub> <mo>⊥</mo> <mi>q</mi> </msub> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) is maximal among all inner quadratic annihilators of single elements in <i>E</i>. We subsequently apply this characterization to the study of surjective additive maps between atomic <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="45" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\hbox {JBW}^*\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mtext>JBW</mtext> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-triples preserving truncations in both directions. Assume that <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="26" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="107" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(E = \bigoplus _{k\in \Gamma _1}^{\ell _{\infty }} C_k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>E</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mo>⨁</mo> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> <msub> <mi>ℓ</mi> <mi>∞</mi> </msub> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="26" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="105" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(F = \bigoplus _{{j\in \Gamma _2}}^{\ell _{\infty }} \widetilde{C}_j\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>F</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mo>⨁</mo> <mrow> <mrow> <mi>j</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </mrow> <msub> <mi>ℓ</mi> <mi>∞</mi> </msub> </msubsup> <msub> <mover accent="true"> <mi>C</mi> <mo stretchy="true">~</mo> </mover> <mi>j</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, are two atomic JBW<InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="8" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="9" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^*\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-triples, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="66" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\{C_k\}_{k\in \Gamma _1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="24" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="64" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\{\widetilde{C}_j\}_{j\in \Gamma _2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <msub> <mover accent="true"> <mi>C</mi> <mo stretchy="true">~</mo> </mover> <mi>j</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>j</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are two families of Cartan factors. Let <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="82" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(A: E\rightarrow F\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi>F</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be a surjective additive mapping between atomic <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="45" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\hbox {JBW}^*\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mtext>JBW</mtext> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-triples, where <i>E</i> contains no one-dimensional Cartan factors as direct summands. We show that <i>A</i> preserves truncations in both directions if, and only if, there exists a bijection <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq12.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="85" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sigma : \Gamma _1\rightarrow \Gamma _2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>σ</mi> <mo>:</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, a bounded family <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq13.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="100" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((\gamma _k)_{k\in \Gamma _1}\subseteq \mathbb {R}^+\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>γ</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>⊆</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and a family <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq14.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="65" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((\Phi _k)_{k\in \Gamma _1},\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> where each <InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq15.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="21" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Phi _k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a (complex) linear or conjugate-linear (isometric) triple isomorphism from <InlineEquation ID="IEq16"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq16.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="22" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C_k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> onto <InlineEquation ID="IEq17"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq17.gif" Format="GIF" Height="25" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="36" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\widetilde{C}_{\sigma (k)}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mover accent="true"> <mi>C</mi> <mo stretchy="true">~</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mi>σ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> satisfying <InlineEquation ID="IEq18"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq18.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="96" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\inf _{k} \{\gamma _k \} &gt;0,\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mo movablelimits="true">inf</mo> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <msub> <mi>γ</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <Equation ID="Equ7"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_Equ7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="36" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="312" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} A(x) = \Big ( \gamma _{k} \Phi _k \left( \pi _k(x)\right) \Big )_{k\in \Gamma _1},\ \hbox { for all } x\in E, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.623em" minsize="1.623em" stretchy="true">(</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>γ</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msub> <mi>π</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mfenced> <msub> <mrow> <mo maxsize="1.623em" minsize="1.623em" stretchy="true">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>for all</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq19"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq19.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\pi _k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>π</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> denotes the canonical projection of <i>E</i> onto <InlineEquation ID="IEq20"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40840_2025_1903_Article_IEq20.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="26" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C_k.\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation></p>

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Minimal Tripotents via Quadratic Annihilators: Additive Preservers of Truncations

  • Lei Li,
  • Siyu Liu,
  • Antonio M. Peralta

摘要

The contributions in this note begin with a new characterization of (positive) scalar multiples of minimal tripotents in a general \(\hbox {JB}^*\) JB -triple E, proving that a non-zero element \(a\in E\) a E is a positive scalar multiple of a minimal tripotent in E if, and only if, its inner quadratic annihilator (that is, the set \(\phantom {a}^{\perp _{q}}\{a\} = \{ b\in E: \{a,b,a\} =0\}\) a q { a } = { b E : { a , b , a } = 0 } ) is maximal among all inner quadratic annihilators of single elements in E. We subsequently apply this characterization to the study of surjective additive maps between atomic \(\hbox {JBW}^*\) JBW -triples preserving truncations in both directions. Assume that \(E = \bigoplus _{k\in \Gamma _1}^{\ell _{\infty }} C_k\) E = k Γ 1 C k and \(F = \bigoplus _{{j\in \Gamma _2}}^{\ell _{\infty }} \widetilde{C}_j\) F = j Γ 2 C ~ j , are two atomic JBW \(^*\) -triples, where \(\{C_k\}_{k\in \Gamma _1}\) { C k } k Γ 1 and \(\{\widetilde{C}_j\}_{j\in \Gamma _2}\) { C ~ j } j Γ 2 are two families of Cartan factors. Let \(A: E\rightarrow F\) A : E F be a surjective additive mapping between atomic \(\hbox {JBW}^*\) JBW -triples, where E contains no one-dimensional Cartan factors as direct summands. We show that A preserves truncations in both directions if, and only if, there exists a bijection \(\sigma : \Gamma _1\rightarrow \Gamma _2\) σ : Γ 1 Γ 2 , a bounded family \((\gamma _k)_{k\in \Gamma _1}\subseteq \mathbb {R}^+\) ( γ k ) k Γ 1 R + , and a family \((\Phi _k)_{k\in \Gamma _1},\) ( Φ k ) k Γ 1 , where each \(\Phi _k\) Φ k is a (complex) linear or conjugate-linear (isometric) triple isomorphism from \(C_k\) C k onto \(\widetilde{C}_{\sigma (k)}\) C ~ σ ( k ) satisfying \(\inf _{k} \{\gamma _k \} >0,\) inf k { γ k } > 0 , and \(\begin{aligned} A(x) = \Big ( \gamma _{k} \Phi _k \left( \pi _k(x)\right) \Big )_{k\in \Gamma _1},\ \hbox { for all } x\in E, \end{aligned}\) A ( x ) = ( γ k Φ k π k ( x ) ) k Γ 1 , for all x E , where \(\pi _k\) π k denotes the canonical projection of E onto \(C_k.\) C k .