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Existence of Nodal Solutions with Arbitrary Number of Nodes for Kirchhoff Type Equations

  • Tao Wang,
  • Jing Lai,
  • Hui Guo

摘要

In this paper, we are interested in the following Kirchhoff type equation 0.1 \(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{aligned}&\bigg [a+\lambda \bigg (\int _{{\mathbb {R}}^3}(|\nabla u|^2+V(|x|)u^2)dx\bigg )^{\alpha }\bigg ]\bigg (-\Delta u+V(|x|)u\bigg )=|u|^{p-2}u\quad \text{ in } {\mathbb {R}}^3,\\&u\ \in H^{1}({\mathbb {R}}^3),\\ \end{aligned}\right. \end{aligned}\) [ a + λ ( R 3 ( | u | 2 + V ( | x | ) u 2 ) d x ) α ] ( - Δ u + V ( | x | ) u ) = | u | p - 2 u in R 3 , u H 1 ( R 3 ) , where \(a,\lambda >0,\alpha \in (0,2)\) a , λ > 0 , α ( 0 , 2 ) and \(p\in (2\alpha +2,6).\) p ( 2 α + 2 , 6 ) . The potential V(|x|) is radial and bounded below by a positive number. By introducing the Gersgorin Disc’s theorem, we prove that for each positive integer k, Eq. (0.1) has a radial nodal solution \(U_k^{\lambda }\) U k λ with exactly k nodes. Moreover, the energy of \(U_k^{\lambda }\) U k λ is strictly increasing in k and for any sequence \(\{\lambda _n\}\) { λ n } with \(\lambda _n\rightarrow 0^+,\) λ n 0 + , up to a subsequence, \(U_k^{\lambda _n}\) U k λ n converges to \(U_k^0\) U k 0 in \(H^{1}({\mathbb {R}}^3)\) H 1 ( R 3 ) , which is also a radial nodal solution with exactly k nodes to the classical Schrödinger equation \(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{aligned}&-a\Delta u+aV(|x|)u=|u|^{p-2}u\quad \text{ in } {\mathbb {R}}^3,\\&u\ \in H^{1}({\mathbb {R}}^3). \end{aligned}\right. \end{aligned}\) - a Δ u + a V ( | x | ) u = | u | p - 2 u in R 3 , u H 1 ( R 3 ) . Our results can be viewed as an extension of Kirchhoff equation concerning the existence of nodal solutions with any prescribed numbers of nodes.