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Abstract <p>Global warming compels the construction sector to consider ecofriendly, sustainable building materials. Ferrochrome slag (FS), a byproduct of ferrochromium (FeCr) alloy production, poses environmental risks due to its chromium (Cr) content. A research program is conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using ferrochrome slag (FS) as a partial replacement for natural fine aggregate in self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGC). A unitary and a binary control mix (CM) were prepared using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) as the sole precursor (CM1), along with a GGBFS (50%):fly ash (FAS, 50%) mix (CM2). Both these mixes include 100% natural fine aggregate (NFA) as fine aggregate. NFA was then partially replaced systematically with FS by 0–100%, at an interval of 25% in the control mix (CM2). The prepared specimens were subjected to mechanical property evaluation through both nondestructive and destructive tests. Further, to assess long-term characteristics, durability attributes were evaluated on the basis of physical characteristics, water transport characteristics, chemical resistance, and corrosion resistance. The results reveal that FS substitution level up to 50% improves both the mechanical and durability characteristics. The detailed experimental work revealed that the optimal SCGC mix within the investigated range with GGBFS (50%):FAS (50%), and NFA (50%):FS (50%) has improved environmental and economic sustainability. Incorporating FS as fine aggregate in SCGC is safe, as Cr leaching from SCGC is minimal and within the limits of Indian discharge guidelines.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Critical Ferrochrome Slag Fine Aggregate Replacement Level Estimation in a GGBFS–Fly Ash Blended Precursor-Based Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月22日

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  • Deepak Ranjan Mohapatra,
  • Ashutosh Nanda,
  • B. Sridhar,
  • Saubhagya Kumar Panigrahi

摘要

Abstract

Global warming compels the construction sector to consider ecofriendly, sustainable building materials. Ferrochrome slag (FS), a byproduct of ferrochromium (FeCr) alloy production, poses environmental risks due to its chromium (Cr) content. A research program is conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using ferrochrome slag (FS) as a partial replacement for natural fine aggregate in self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGC). A unitary and a binary control mix (CM) were prepared using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) as the sole precursor (CM1), along with a GGBFS (50%):fly ash (FAS, 50%) mix (CM2). Both these mixes include 100% natural fine aggregate (NFA) as fine aggregate. NFA was then partially replaced systematically with FS by 0–100%, at an interval of 25% in the control mix (CM2). The prepared specimens were subjected to mechanical property evaluation through both nondestructive and destructive tests. Further, to assess long-term characteristics, durability attributes were evaluated on the basis of physical characteristics, water transport characteristics, chemical resistance, and corrosion resistance. The results reveal that FS substitution level up to 50% improves both the mechanical and durability characteristics. The detailed experimental work revealed that the optimal SCGC mix within the investigated range with GGBFS (50%):FAS (50%), and NFA (50%):FS (50%) has improved environmental and economic sustainability. Incorporating FS as fine aggregate in SCGC is safe, as Cr leaching from SCGC is minimal and within the limits of Indian discharge guidelines.

Graphical Abstract