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<p>In this study, copper slag tailings, fly ash, and waste glass were used as raw materials. Based on the ideas of fluoride screening and modifier optimization, the regulatory effects of fluorides on foam glass-ceramics were systematically investigated. Among the four fluorides, sodium fluoride exhibited the optimal regulation effect on the pore structure and morphology. The optimal preparation process is determined as adding 3 wt% sodium fluoride (NaF) and sintering at 1110&#xa0;°C for 40 min. Under this condition, the material exhibits a porosity of 61.5%, a bulk density of 1.18 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, and a compressive strength of 9.9 MPa, which fully meets the performance requirements for lightweight building materials. Sodium fluoride could break the Si–O bonds and depolymerize the glass network in a dose-dependent manner. Proper addition of sodium fluoride reduced the sintering temperature and optimized the pore structure, while excessive addition led to over-depolymerization of the glass network, deteriorated gas retention capacity of the melt, and over-sintering. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the high-value utilization of industrial solid wastes.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Screening of Fluoride Additives and Modification Mechanism of NaF on Foam Glass-Ceramics Derived from Industrial Waste Residues

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Zhuyue Zhang,
  • Lisi Liang,
  • Jiajun Xi,
  • Zeming Wang,
  • Jiahui Chai,
  • Zichen Wang

摘要

In this study, copper slag tailings, fly ash, and waste glass were used as raw materials. Based on the ideas of fluoride screening and modifier optimization, the regulatory effects of fluorides on foam glass-ceramics were systematically investigated. Among the four fluorides, sodium fluoride exhibited the optimal regulation effect on the pore structure and morphology. The optimal preparation process is determined as adding 3 wt% sodium fluoride (NaF) and sintering at 1110 °C for 40 min. Under this condition, the material exhibits a porosity of 61.5%, a bulk density of 1.18 g/cm3, and a compressive strength of 9.9 MPa, which fully meets the performance requirements for lightweight building materials. Sodium fluoride could break the Si–O bonds and depolymerize the glass network in a dose-dependent manner. Proper addition of sodium fluoride reduced the sintering temperature and optimized the pore structure, while excessive addition led to over-depolymerization of the glass network, deteriorated gas retention capacity of the melt, and over-sintering. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the high-value utilization of industrial solid wastes.

Graphical Abstract