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<p>Based on the composition characteristics of spent ternary lithium-ion battery black powder, this study innovatively proposed a selective lithium extraction process using the synergistic effect of carbothermal activation and acidity regulation. The technological core resides in establishing a self-reduction system using endogenous graphite from the spent ternary lithium-ion battery black powder. Through a carbon content regulation strategy, this strategy induces the directional reconstruction of phases. The lithium phase is converted into readily soluble compounds, Ni, Co, and Mn form spinel-type oxides or metallic phases, and the lithium phase is selectively separated through low-concentration acid leaching. The research results indicate that under the optimal process conditions, the leaching rate of Li is 97.54%, and the leaching rates of Ni, Co, and Mn are 0.97%, 0.53%, and 2.03%. Moreover, the mechanism of the selective leaching of lithium by carbothermal activation and acidity regulation is elucidated from the perspective of material structure changes.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Selective Lithium Leaching from Spent Ternary Lithium-Ion Battery Black Powder: Synergistic Mechanism of Carbothermal Activation and Acidity Regulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月11日

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  • Bin Man,
  • Yuxiang Chi,
  • Junjie Tang,
  • Yuan Sun,
  • Yizhou Zhou,
  • Yuzhe Liu,
  • Yusheng Wu

摘要

Based on the composition characteristics of spent ternary lithium-ion battery black powder, this study innovatively proposed a selective lithium extraction process using the synergistic effect of carbothermal activation and acidity regulation. The technological core resides in establishing a self-reduction system using endogenous graphite from the spent ternary lithium-ion battery black powder. Through a carbon content regulation strategy, this strategy induces the directional reconstruction of phases. The lithium phase is converted into readily soluble compounds, Ni, Co, and Mn form spinel-type oxides or metallic phases, and the lithium phase is selectively separated through low-concentration acid leaching. The research results indicate that under the optimal process conditions, the leaching rate of Li is 97.54%, and the leaching rates of Ni, Co, and Mn are 0.97%, 0.53%, and 2.03%. Moreover, the mechanism of the selective leaching of lithium by carbothermal activation and acidity regulation is elucidated from the perspective of material structure changes.

Graphical Abstract