<p>Alkaline-bearing mine residues and industrial wastes rich in feasible reactive elements are abundantly available worldwide and are beneficial for long-term carbon dioxide (CO₂) sequestration. These feedstocks can be transformed into revenue-generating products through the mineral carbonation (MC) process, which is a promising method of carbon capture utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the current state of MC research and its potential as a sustainable CCUS solution. This study presents a bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer of related documents indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) to enhance understanding of the primary trends and potential gaps within the topic. Furthermore, the most common feedstocks for MC are examined to improve the knowledge of their elemental compositions and CO₂ storage capacities, along with the trends and gaps associated with each group. Finally, the effects of thermo-mechanical parameters on carbonation efficiency (CE) under various conditions were investigated through a statistical correlation analysis, yielding significant experimental findings in both aqueous and gas–solid phases. The MC process offers a promising, permanent CO₂ storage solution. Still, it faces economic challenges due to the relevant energy-intensive process costs. However, policy incentives like carbon credits and byproduct valorization can significantly improve the economic feasibility of basalt MC. Ongoing research, policy incentives, and financial support are crucial for scaling CCUS technology.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>