<p>The rapid industrialization essential for national development has led to a significant increase in industrial solid waste generation, raising concerns about environmental degradation and resource depletion. This study investigates the potential of utilizing industrial solid waste—specifically red mud, ferrochrome slag, and blast furnace slag—as alternative mold materials in the foundry industry. The research methodology involves experimental trials where these waste materials are mixed with conventional sand-based molds and analyzed for thermal stability, permeability, compressive strength, and reusability. Casting tests were performed to assess the impact on surface finish, mechanical properties, and defect formation. The findings indicate that these waste-derived materials exhibit comparable or superior thermal resistance, improved mold strength, and enhanced permeability while offering environmental and economic benefits. The study concludes that industrial waste can serve as a viable substitute for traditional sand in foundry applications, reducing raw material costs and minimizing landfill disposal. Further research is recommended to optimize material compositions and assess large-scale industrial implementation.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>