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<p>Recycling of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is crucial for strengthening environmental sustainability and advancing toward a circular economy. Although the separation of spent battery cathodes yields a substance known as cathode active material (CAM), its purity falls short of reuse. The present study employs hydrometallurgical processes to extract and refine the valuable elements within the CAM. This study proposes a more cost-effective solution, utilizing copper (Cu) extracted from spent batteries instead of costly reductants like hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) or organic alternatives like glucose and citric acid. Through investigating various parameters including temperature, sulfuric acid (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) concentration, Cu addition amount and it is found that Cu addition significantly enhances CAM dissolution allowing more than 98% dissolution under optimized conditions. In the following step, a cementation technique is used to efficiently retrieve dissolved Cu using metallic Co thereby circumventing impurities and boosting cobalt recovery during solvent extraction. This way, a 94% Cu recovery is obtained under optimized cementation conditions, highlighting this study's efficiency for sustainable LIB recycling.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Reductive Leaching of Lithium-Ion Battery Cathode Active Material with Copper and Its Recovery by Cobalt Cementation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月5日

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  • Venkata Hanuma Kumar Lukka,
  • Arundhati Jena,
  • Prasanta Jana,
  • Prakash Venkatesan,
  • Mehmet Ali Recai Önal,
  • Kishore Babu Nagumothu,
  • Chenna Rao Borra

摘要

Recycling of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is crucial for strengthening environmental sustainability and advancing toward a circular economy. Although the separation of spent battery cathodes yields a substance known as cathode active material (CAM), its purity falls short of reuse. The present study employs hydrometallurgical processes to extract and refine the valuable elements within the CAM. This study proposes a more cost-effective solution, utilizing copper (Cu) extracted from spent batteries instead of costly reductants like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or organic alternatives like glucose and citric acid. Through investigating various parameters including temperature, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) concentration, Cu addition amount and it is found that Cu addition significantly enhances CAM dissolution allowing more than 98% dissolution under optimized conditions. In the following step, a cementation technique is used to efficiently retrieve dissolved Cu using metallic Co thereby circumventing impurities and boosting cobalt recovery during solvent extraction. This way, a 94% Cu recovery is obtained under optimized cementation conditions, highlighting this study's efficiency for sustainable LIB recycling.

Graphical Abstract