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<p>The extraction of gold (Au) from refractory ores presents significant challenges due to the encapsulation of gold particles within sulfide minerals such as pyrite (FeS<sub>2</sub>) and arsenopyrite (FeAsS). To address this issue, single-stage roasting has emerged as a highly attractive method for oxidizing these sulfides, thereby liberating the gold and enhancing its subsequent recovery. In this study, the experimental design method was employed to optimize the conditions of the single-stage roasting pretreatment for a refractory gold concentrate. The optimal conditions for roasting pretreatment were determined using the Doehlert design and desirability function. The gold extraction following the roasting process under various conditions was investigated using response surface methodology. The studied parameters were roasting temperature, airflow rate, and roasting time. The optimal conditions of roasting were determined to be a temperature of 550&#xa0;°C, an airflow rate of 2.6&#xa0;L/min, and a roasting time of 170&#xa0;min. Under these conditions, the gold extraction yield achieved 87.23%, significantly higher than the 62.61% yield obtained from the untreated concentrate. The addition of Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (5% wt) increased the yield of gold extraction to 93.62%. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were used to investigate the mechanistic insights of the roasting pretreatment for the studied refractory gold concentrate, as well as the effect of Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> addition.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Optimization of Single-Stage Roasting Process for Pretreatment of Refractory Gold Concentrate Using Experimental Design

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月18日

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  • Abdelkhalek Barbouchi,
  • Abdallah Ait El Mouden,
  • Tariq Labbilta,
  • Imane Anasser,
  • Rachid Idouhli,
  • Mohy-Eddine Khadiri,
  • Abdessalem Abouelfida,
  • Hakim Faqir,
  • Intissar Benzakour,
  • Jaouad Benzakour

摘要

The extraction of gold (Au) from refractory ores presents significant challenges due to the encapsulation of gold particles within sulfide minerals such as pyrite (FeS2) and arsenopyrite (FeAsS). To address this issue, single-stage roasting has emerged as a highly attractive method for oxidizing these sulfides, thereby liberating the gold and enhancing its subsequent recovery. In this study, the experimental design method was employed to optimize the conditions of the single-stage roasting pretreatment for a refractory gold concentrate. The optimal conditions for roasting pretreatment were determined using the Doehlert design and desirability function. The gold extraction following the roasting process under various conditions was investigated using response surface methodology. The studied parameters were roasting temperature, airflow rate, and roasting time. The optimal conditions of roasting were determined to be a temperature of 550 °C, an airflow rate of 2.6 L/min, and a roasting time of 170 min. Under these conditions, the gold extraction yield achieved 87.23%, significantly higher than the 62.61% yield obtained from the untreated concentrate. The addition of Na2SO4 (5% wt) increased the yield of gold extraction to 93.62%. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were used to investigate the mechanistic insights of the roasting pretreatment for the studied refractory gold concentrate, as well as the effect of Na2SO4 addition.

Graphical Abstract