Large-Scale Numerical Models for Shape Memory Mars Spring Tires: Development and Implementation

The current work focuses on implementation of the user-defined shape memory alloy (SMA) model in the finite element analysis program ABAQUS for large-scale simulations of the Spring Tires made of SMA developed at the NASA Glenn Research Center. The main objective of this study was to improve and optimize the structural design of the SMA tires through in-depth numerical analysis and sensitivity studies. Various design variables (wire diameter, coil diameter, pitch, spring length, and bead angle) were varied to study their influence on the global load–displacement response of the tire construct. A detailed investigation of the three-dimensional stress states was also carried out to enhance understanding of the local changes as the tire goes through global deformation. It was concluded that a robust numerical model with a good predictive capability, together with a thoughtfully crafted sensitivity study, can result in reduced design iterations required to reach a desired tire performance. This will, in turn, lead to significantly reduced manufacturing time, required labor, and testing expense.