<p>Internal combustion engine emissions from burning fossil fuels, particularly those from gasoline engines, are a major factor in change in the climate and the generation of greenhouse gases. To address these issues, for a long time, ethanol can be considered a viable alternative to gasoline that might also help to lower pollution levels. In the current experimental investigations, the engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics were assessed for the various premium gasoline-ethanol gasohol blends with the partial addition of paraffin, i.e., n-pentane and hexane. The BTE (brake thermal efficiency) of PG (premium gasoline) was found to be 9% higher than PG40E and 6% higher than PG20E fuel blends. The BTE was increased with spark advancement from 15° bTDC to 24° bTDC due complete combustion of fuel and higher flame propagation. The BTE was found to decrease with spark retardment from 24° bTDC to 30° bTDC due to incomplete combustion of fuel blends. With partial addition of hexane and n-pentane in premium gasoline and ethanol blends, carbon monoxide (CO) emission decreased by 18% than premium gasohol. The lowest emission were observed for PG40E10P. It was observed that addition of hexane and n-pentane hydrocarbons was found to be decreased by 15% as compared to premium gasohol. Furthermore, with the addition of ethanol blending, cylinder pressure decreased. Both unburned hydrocarbon (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) increased in spark advancement from 21 to 15° bTDC and became minimum for spark timing at 21° bTDC. The oxides of nitrogen (NO<sub>x</sub>) were found minimum by 25% with addition of ethanol and paraffin in premium gasoline. Among all tested fuel blends, the PG20E10P fuel is recommended as optimistic fuel blend.</p>

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Effect on Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Spark Ignition Engine Powered by Premium Level Gasohol-Paraffin Blends with Spark Advancement and Spark Retardment

  • Sujit Kumbhar,
  • Sanjay Khot

摘要

Internal combustion engine emissions from burning fossil fuels, particularly those from gasoline engines, are a major factor in change in the climate and the generation of greenhouse gases. To address these issues, for a long time, ethanol can be considered a viable alternative to gasoline that might also help to lower pollution levels. In the current experimental investigations, the engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics were assessed for the various premium gasoline-ethanol gasohol blends with the partial addition of paraffin, i.e., n-pentane and hexane. The BTE (brake thermal efficiency) of PG (premium gasoline) was found to be 9% higher than PG40E and 6% higher than PG20E fuel blends. The BTE was increased with spark advancement from 15° bTDC to 24° bTDC due complete combustion of fuel and higher flame propagation. The BTE was found to decrease with spark retardment from 24° bTDC to 30° bTDC due to incomplete combustion of fuel blends. With partial addition of hexane and n-pentane in premium gasoline and ethanol blends, carbon monoxide (CO) emission decreased by 18% than premium gasohol. The lowest emission were observed for PG40E10P. It was observed that addition of hexane and n-pentane hydrocarbons was found to be decreased by 15% as compared to premium gasohol. Furthermore, with the addition of ethanol blending, cylinder pressure decreased. Both unburned hydrocarbon (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) increased in spark advancement from 21 to 15° bTDC and became minimum for spark timing at 21° bTDC. The oxides of nitrogen (NOx) were found minimum by 25% with addition of ethanol and paraffin in premium gasoline. Among all tested fuel blends, the PG20E10P fuel is recommended as optimistic fuel blend.