Purpose of Review <p>Invasive species are a global threat to biodiversity. In this review we show how the invasive species problem is hierarchical, involving species and their context-dependent interactions with other species embedded in social-ecological landscapes with the potential for positive and negative feedback dynamics, lock-ins, and emergent dynamics. We focus on how landscape pattern influences the distribution and abundance of invasive species, how reciprocal feedbacks between landscape pattern and social-ecological process shape invasion dynamics, and how invasive species reshape social-ecological landscapes.</p> Recent Findings <p>Landscape heterogeneity is responsible for the context-dependency of invasions as we explore via a series of case studies from terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Our ability to detect invasive species is being enhanced at both the smallest and largest extents through molecular, citizen science, and geospatial advances; simultaneously, computational developments are transforming how such data are interrogated. However, there are multiple lenses through which to see the ‘problem’ of invasive species. For many Indigenous peoples, humans and the environment are indivisible. Instead, humans share deep kinship ties with non-human species as expressed, for example, through the whakapapa principle of Māori (the Indigenous people of Aotearoa). Many indigenous knowledge systems emphasise the importance of place, which is critical for understanding the social-ecological context of invasive species.</p> Summary <p>Invasive species and their effects are embedded in a social landscape of values as much as they are an ecological one – attempting to understand and manage invasive species at the landscape (or any) scale as a purely ecological problem is unlikely to succeed. Attempts to address the problems posed by invasive species are being facilitated by new technologies, but must consider place and context if they are to be successful.</p>