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<p>Recent studies highlight the digital economy’s potential to enhance environmental quality by reducing carbon emissions. However, the mechanisms by which the digital economy influences nitrogen emissions, especially at the provincial level in developing countries, remain underexplored. Drawing on provincial nitrogen footprint data from China, this study investigates both the direct effects and the spatial spillover mechanisms through which the digital economy shapes the nitrogen footprint. Our findings reveal a pronounced inverted U-shaped correlation between the digital economy and the nitrogen footprint, along with a nonlinear, U-shaped spatial spillover effect on neighboring provinces. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the digital economy indirectly mitigates the nitrogen footprint by promoting industrial restructuring and advancing green technological innovation. These findings provide important insights for designing regional development strategies and informing policy aimed at reducing nitrogen emissions.</p>

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Regional digital economy and nitrogen footprint: two decades of provincial evidence in China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Chun Liu,
  • Han Huang,
  • Jie Xiong

摘要

Recent studies highlight the digital economy’s potential to enhance environmental quality by reducing carbon emissions. However, the mechanisms by which the digital economy influences nitrogen emissions, especially at the provincial level in developing countries, remain underexplored. Drawing on provincial nitrogen footprint data from China, this study investigates both the direct effects and the spatial spillover mechanisms through which the digital economy shapes the nitrogen footprint. Our findings reveal a pronounced inverted U-shaped correlation between the digital economy and the nitrogen footprint, along with a nonlinear, U-shaped spatial spillover effect on neighboring provinces. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the digital economy indirectly mitigates the nitrogen footprint by promoting industrial restructuring and advancing green technological innovation. These findings provide important insights for designing regional development strategies and informing policy aimed at reducing nitrogen emissions.