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<p>Aqueous zinc batteries (ZBs) represent a promising sustainable and safe energy storage technology, yet their widespread adoption is impeded by persistent interfacial instabilities at Zn anodes. This study reports a polyhydroxy hydrogel electrolyte (PASHE) with in situ regulated interface chemistry suitable for biosensing compatible ZBs. Benefiting from the well-integrated interface via in situ strategy, the hydroxyl-rich L-sorbose in PASHE establishes kinetically favorable Zn<sup>2+</sup> transport pathways and regulates interfacial ion-adsorption hierarchies, synergistically homogenizing ion distribution and promoting preferential crystallographic orientation. Furthermore, PASHE constructs a low water-activity microenvironment via interfacial preferential adsorption, oxygen-rich solid electrolyte interphase evolution, and Zn<sup>2+</sup> solvation sheath reconstruction. These effects enable Zn (002)-textured electrodeposition and inhibitory side reactions, achieving dendrite-free Zn plating/stripping with exceptional stability (3300&#xa0;h in Zn//Zn cells) and near-perfect reversibility (average coulombic efficiency of 99.6% over 1200 cycles in Zn//Cu cells). This strategy delivers unprecedented cyclability in flexible Zn//I<sub>2</sub> batteries (94.9% retention after 9000 cycles) and Zn-ion hybrid capacitors (98.0% after 43,000 cycles). Notably, we demonstrate an integrated biosensing platform that couples PASHE-based biosensor with cascaded Zn//I<sub>2</sub> batteries, realizing real-time monitoring of physiological signals and biomechanical motions. This work proposes dual strategies of in situ approach and functional additive to design hydrogel electrolytes, bridging high-performance ZBs with next-generation biosensing technologies. </p>

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Polyhydroxy Hydrogel Electrolyte with In Situ Tuned Interface Chemistry for Ultra-Stable Biosensing-Compatible Zinc Batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月26日

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  • Fengjiao Guo,
  • Chunjiang Jin,
  • Hongyu Mi,
  • Ziqiang Liu,
  • Bo Xu,
  • Wenhan Jia,
  • Guozhao Fang,
  • Jieshan Qiu

摘要

Aqueous zinc batteries (ZBs) represent a promising sustainable and safe energy storage technology, yet their widespread adoption is impeded by persistent interfacial instabilities at Zn anodes. This study reports a polyhydroxy hydrogel electrolyte (PASHE) with in situ regulated interface chemistry suitable for biosensing compatible ZBs. Benefiting from the well-integrated interface via in situ strategy, the hydroxyl-rich L-sorbose in PASHE establishes kinetically favorable Zn2+ transport pathways and regulates interfacial ion-adsorption hierarchies, synergistically homogenizing ion distribution and promoting preferential crystallographic orientation. Furthermore, PASHE constructs a low water-activity microenvironment via interfacial preferential adsorption, oxygen-rich solid electrolyte interphase evolution, and Zn2+ solvation sheath reconstruction. These effects enable Zn (002)-textured electrodeposition and inhibitory side reactions, achieving dendrite-free Zn plating/stripping with exceptional stability (3300 h in Zn//Zn cells) and near-perfect reversibility (average coulombic efficiency of 99.6% over 1200 cycles in Zn//Cu cells). This strategy delivers unprecedented cyclability in flexible Zn//I2 batteries (94.9% retention after 9000 cycles) and Zn-ion hybrid capacitors (98.0% after 43,000 cycles). Notably, we demonstrate an integrated biosensing platform that couples PASHE-based biosensor with cascaded Zn//I2 batteries, realizing real-time monitoring of physiological signals and biomechanical motions. This work proposes dual strategies of in situ approach and functional additive to design hydrogel electrolytes, bridging high-performance ZBs with next-generation biosensing technologies.