<p>NH<sub>4</sub>V<sub>4</sub>O<sub>10</sub> (NVO) is considered a promising cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity. However, its practical application is limited by irreversible deamination, structural collapse, and sluggish reaction kinetics during cycling. Herein, K<sup>+</sup> and C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> co-intercalated NVO (KNVO-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) nanosheets with expanded interlayer spacing are synthesized for the first time to achieve high-rate, stable, and wide-temperature cathodes. Molecular dynamics and experimental results confirm that there is an optimal C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> content to achieve higher reaction kinetics. The synergistic effect of K<sup>+</sup> and C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> co-intercalation significantly reduces the electrostatic interaction between Zn<sup>2+</sup> and the [VO<sub>n</sub>] layer, improves the specific capacity and cycling stability. Consequently, the KNVO-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> electrode displays outstanding electrochemical performance at room temperature and under extreme environments. It exhibits excellent rate performance (228.4 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 20 A g<sup>−1</sup>), long-term cycling stability (174.2 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 10,000 cycles at 20 A g<sup>−1</sup>), and power/energy density (210.0 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at 14,200 W kg<sup>−1</sup>) at room temperature. Notably, it shows remarkable storage performance at − 20 °C (111.3 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 20 A g<sup>−1</sup>) and 60&#xa0;°C (208.6 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 20 A g<sup>−1</sup>). This strategy offers a novel approach to developing high-performance cathodes capable of operating under extreme temperatures.</p>

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High-Performance Wide-Temperature Zinc-Ion Batteries with K+/C3N4 Co-Intercalated Ammonium Vanadate Cathodes

  • Daming Chen,
  • Jimin Fu,
  • Yang Ming,
  • Wei Cai,
  • Yidi Wang,
  • Xin Hu,
  • Rujun Yu,
  • Ming Yang,
  • Yixin Hu,
  • Benjamin Tawiah,
  • Shuo Shi,
  • Hanbai Wu,
  • Zijian Li,
  • Bin Fei

摘要

NH4V4O10 (NVO) is considered a promising cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity. However, its practical application is limited by irreversible deamination, structural collapse, and sluggish reaction kinetics during cycling. Herein, K+ and C3N4 co-intercalated NVO (KNVO-C3N4) nanosheets with expanded interlayer spacing are synthesized for the first time to achieve high-rate, stable, and wide-temperature cathodes. Molecular dynamics and experimental results confirm that there is an optimal C3N4 content to achieve higher reaction kinetics. The synergistic effect of K+ and C3N4 co-intercalation significantly reduces the electrostatic interaction between Zn2+ and the [VOn] layer, improves the specific capacity and cycling stability. Consequently, the KNVO-C3N4 electrode displays outstanding electrochemical performance at room temperature and under extreme environments. It exhibits excellent rate performance (228.4 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1), long-term cycling stability (174.2 mAh g−1 after 10,000 cycles at 20 A g−1), and power/energy density (210.0 Wh kg−1 at 14,200 W kg−1) at room temperature. Notably, it shows remarkable storage performance at − 20 °C (111.3 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1) and 60 °C (208.6 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1). This strategy offers a novel approach to developing high-performance cathodes capable of operating under extreme temperatures.