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<p>In this article, the influence of awareness and protective measures on controlling the transmission dynamics of HIV/AIDS is investigated. A compartmental model incorporating treatment and a protected class is developed to analyze how susceptible individuals can avoid infection. The model also categorizes infected individuals based on their awareness levels, addressing a critical challenge in developing countries, where lack of awareness, stigma, and insufficient health-care resources contribute to the unchecked spread of HIV. Understanding the impact of awareness and protection strategies can inform effective interventions, reduce infections, and improve public health policies. To understand the disease dynamics, we perform a qualitative analysis. The basic reproduction number <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1911_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="20" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(R_0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is derived using the next-generation matrix method under the assumption of a disease-free equilibrium. The local and global stability of the equilibrium points is analyzed through Jacobian-based and Lyapunov function approaches. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to determine key parameters influencing transmission. Additionally, numerical simulations validate the theoretical results and illustrate the impact of awareness and protection measures. Our findings emphasize the significance of voluntary counseling, community-based education, and improved healthcare infrastructure in mitigating the spread of HIV/AIDS.</p>

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Impact of Awareness and Protective Measures on the Transmission Dynamics of HIV/AIDS: A Mathematical Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月13日

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  • I Ahmad,
  • I Ahmad,
  • N Ali

摘要

In this article, the influence of awareness and protective measures on controlling the transmission dynamics of HIV/AIDS is investigated. A compartmental model incorporating treatment and a protected class is developed to analyze how susceptible individuals can avoid infection. The model also categorizes infected individuals based on their awareness levels, addressing a critical challenge in developing countries, where lack of awareness, stigma, and insufficient health-care resources contribute to the unchecked spread of HIV. Understanding the impact of awareness and protection strategies can inform effective interventions, reduce infections, and improve public health policies. To understand the disease dynamics, we perform a qualitative analysis. The basic reproduction number \(R_0\) R 0 is derived using the next-generation matrix method under the assumption of a disease-free equilibrium. The local and global stability of the equilibrium points is analyzed through Jacobian-based and Lyapunov function approaches. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to determine key parameters influencing transmission. Additionally, numerical simulations validate the theoretical results and illustrate the impact of awareness and protection measures. Our findings emphasize the significance of voluntary counseling, community-based education, and improved healthcare infrastructure in mitigating the spread of HIV/AIDS.