Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Over a Porous Stretching/Shrinking Plate with Heat Transfer

The investigation of the present work is carried out to analyze the hybrid nanofluid flow heat transfer across a permeable stretched/shrinked plate with thermal radiation effect and slip due to its superior thermal conductivity. It plays a vital role in industries like in manufacturing of polymer sheets, metallic wires, thin sheets/papers, cooling metal plates, etc. The study of thermophysical properties of hybrid nanofluids has become prominent since from last two decades. The HNF comprises of base fluid \({\text{(H}}_{2} {\text{O)}}\) ${\text{(H}}_2\text{O)}$ and nanoparticles (Al₂O₃–Cu) works as two different fluids. In this study, we obtained the series of PDEs. These equations are then converted to ODEs using the appropriate similarity transformation equations. Here, the governing parameters are Prandtl number, radiation number, Reynolds number, slip parameter and viscoelastic parameter. The effect of these variables of the problem’s fluid temperature and velocity distribution is discussed. The analytical result is obtained using Laplace transform method in terms of incomplete Gamma function. From this study, we observe that the enhancement of thermal conductivity is significant in the convective heat transfer. Hence, the fluid containing nanoparticles show better performance when compared to the base fluid.