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<p>This study investigates the hydrodynamic effects of floodplain vegetation and bridge piers on open channel flow through both numerical modeling and flume-scale laboratory experiments. A low-sinuosity channel with and without vegetation, and with single and double bridge pier configurations, was analyzed using <i>FLOW-3D</i> software implementing the Renormalization Group (RNG) turbulence model. Vegetation was represented as rigid cylindrical elements to mimic green corridors. Detailed velocity profiles and turbulence statistics were obtained using Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry (ADV) in laboratory conditions, and validated against numerical model outputs. Under floodplain vegetation conditions, the percentage increase in simulated mean streamwise velocity compared to experimental values was 47% at the apex, 49.8% at the bend, and 44% at the channel, outer bank region (COR), attributed to differences in vegetation flexibility (experimental) versus rigidity (numerical). The RNG model effectively captured shear-layer interactions at the channel–floodplain interface, although deviations were observed near the vegetation crest due to the rigidity assumption in simulations. The presence of bridge piers intensified secondary flow structures and momentum redistribution. A good agreement between numerical and experimental results was achieved, with R² values up to 0.92 for streamwise velocities. The study demonstrates the efficacy of <i>FLOW-3D</i> in simulating complex flow-vegetation-structure interactions and highlights the importance of green infrastructure in influencing river hydraulics.</p>

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Coupled effects of vegetated river corridors and bridge piers on flow dynamics: a hybrid modeling approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月4日

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  • Suresh Modalavalasa,
  • Om Prakash Maurya,
  • Subashisa Dutta,
  • Vinayak Kulkarni

摘要

This study investigates the hydrodynamic effects of floodplain vegetation and bridge piers on open channel flow through both numerical modeling and flume-scale laboratory experiments. A low-sinuosity channel with and without vegetation, and with single and double bridge pier configurations, was analyzed using FLOW-3D software implementing the Renormalization Group (RNG) turbulence model. Vegetation was represented as rigid cylindrical elements to mimic green corridors. Detailed velocity profiles and turbulence statistics were obtained using Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry (ADV) in laboratory conditions, and validated against numerical model outputs. Under floodplain vegetation conditions, the percentage increase in simulated mean streamwise velocity compared to experimental values was 47% at the apex, 49.8% at the bend, and 44% at the channel, outer bank region (COR), attributed to differences in vegetation flexibility (experimental) versus rigidity (numerical). The RNG model effectively captured shear-layer interactions at the channel–floodplain interface, although deviations were observed near the vegetation crest due to the rigidity assumption in simulations. The presence of bridge piers intensified secondary flow structures and momentum redistribution. A good agreement between numerical and experimental results was achieved, with R² values up to 0.92 for streamwise velocities. The study demonstrates the efficacy of FLOW-3D in simulating complex flow-vegetation-structure interactions and highlights the importance of green infrastructure in influencing river hydraulics.