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<p>Air pollution is a major issue in many cities throughout the world. While reducing emissions at the source is the best way to address air pollution, plants can play an important role in mitigating air pollution. Our aim in this paper is to study the impact of mitigating air pollution using plants from a modeling approach. We formulate a mathematical model describing the interaction between the pollutants in the atmosphere with plants used to mitigate the pollutants. Sensitivity analysis was performed to show the most important parameters of the model on clean air pollution. We analyze the model and show that the stability of the plant-free (PE) and coexistence equilibria depends on a threshold parameter <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {N}_0\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> that determines the outcome of mitigating air pollution. More precisely, we show that there exists a threshold parameter <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\zeta \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> such that when <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal N_0 \le \zeta &lt; 1\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, the PE is globally asymptotically stable, while when <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\zeta \le \mathcal N_0 &lt; 1\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, the model exhibits the phenomenon of backward bifurcation on a feasible region. After, we investigate the impact of mitigating air pollution by transplanting plants in the vicinity of heavy traffic. Further, we perform numerical simulations to support and validate theoretical results. The impact of transplanting plants on mitigating air pollution is also numerically investigated. We found that plants can absorb about 89.56% of polluants with 20 plants initially planted on an area of 50&#xa0;m radius from the center of the crossroad. This is in line with biological findings, which argue that some plants can be used to mitigate air pollution.</p>

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Exploring the use of plants to mitigate air pollution: a mathematical modelling approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月15日

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  • Joseph Magloire Fossokeng Mouafo,
  • Justin Dzuche,
  • Andre Nana Yakam,
  • S. Bowong

摘要

Air pollution is a major issue in many cities throughout the world. While reducing emissions at the source is the best way to address air pollution, plants can play an important role in mitigating air pollution. Our aim in this paper is to study the impact of mitigating air pollution using plants from a modeling approach. We formulate a mathematical model describing the interaction between the pollutants in the atmosphere with plants used to mitigate the pollutants. Sensitivity analysis was performed to show the most important parameters of the model on clean air pollution. We analyze the model and show that the stability of the plant-free (PE) and coexistence equilibria depends on a threshold parameter \(\mathcal {N}_0\) that determines the outcome of mitigating air pollution. More precisely, we show that there exists a threshold parameter \(\zeta \) such that when \(\mathcal N_0 \le \zeta < 1\) , the PE is globally asymptotically stable, while when \(\zeta \le \mathcal N_0 < 1\) , the model exhibits the phenomenon of backward bifurcation on a feasible region. After, we investigate the impact of mitigating air pollution by transplanting plants in the vicinity of heavy traffic. Further, we perform numerical simulations to support and validate theoretical results. The impact of transplanting plants on mitigating air pollution is also numerically investigated. We found that plants can absorb about 89.56% of polluants with 20 plants initially planted on an area of 50 m radius from the center of the crossroad. This is in line with biological findings, which argue that some plants can be used to mitigate air pollution.